{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T06:35:15Z","timestamp":1769582115149,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,4]],"date-time":"2021-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628035200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Laboratory Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>Both celiac disease (CD) and type 1 diabetes (T1D) are autoimmune diseases resulting from a complex interplay between genetic susceptibility and environmental factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this retrospective study, we determined the frequency of auto\u2010antibodies of T1D in adult patients with active CD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Eighty adult patients with active CD were included in our study. Ninety healthy blood donors (HBD) served as control group. Anti\u2010glutamic acid decarboxylase IgG antibodies (GAD\u2010Ab), anti\u2010tyrosine phosphatase IgG antibodies (IA2\u2010Ab), and anti\u2010zinc transporter IgG antibodies (Zn\u2010T8\u2010Ab) were determined by enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for patients and control group. For statistical analysis, we used Chi\u2010square or Fisher's exact test.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Out of 80 patients, 10 (12.50%) had auto\u2010antibodies of T1D vs. only one in control group (1.11%) (<jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a00.003). Simultaneous presence of GAD\u2010Ab, IA2\u2010Ab, and Zn\u2010T8\u2010Ab was found in one patient (1.25%). Nine patients had only GAD\u2010Ab. IA2\u2010Ab and Zn\u2010T8\u2010Ab were absent in all HBD. The frequency of GAD\u2010Ab was significantly higher in CD patients than in HBD (12.5% vs 1.11%, <jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a00.003).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The present study has shown that CD is associated with a high frequency of auto\u2010antibodies of T1D. Screening for T1D in this population, at risk for other autoimmune diseases, may be useful.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcla.23941","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,4]],"date-time":"2021-08-04T19:00:21Z","timestamp":1628103621000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Frequency of auto\u2010antibodies of type 1 diabetes in adult patients with celiac disease"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4455-6513","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariam","family":"Ghozzi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Immunology Farhat Hached University Hospital of Sousse Sousse Tunisia"},{"name":"Department of Immunology Faculty of Pharmacy University of Monastir Monastir 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