{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T19:46:48Z","timestamp":1787168808631,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,2]],"date-time":"2021-12-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638403200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Laboratory Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Purpose<\/jats:title>\n The characteristics and resistance patterns of urine bacteriology urolithiasis patients between male and female have not been extensively studied. This study aims to investigate the gender differences in microbial spectrum and antibiotic susceptibility of uropathogens isolated from urolithiasis patients and provide insights for appropriate antimicrobial therapies.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n We retrospectively collected clinical microbiology data from urine culture in urolithiasis patients between March 2014 and December 2018 in Xiangya Hospital. Then the patients were divided into male and female groups. The microbial spectrum and frequency of susceptibility to antibiotics were compared.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n A total of 359 uropathogen isolates were collected from 335 patients, including 144\u00a0males (43.0%) and 191 females (57.0%).\n E.\u00a0coli<\/jats:italic>\n dominated in both groups, indicating higher frequency in females (53.2%) than in males (26.6%,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0<\u00a00.001), followed by\n E<\/jats:italic>\n .\u00a0\n faecalis<\/jats:italic>\n , with higher frequency in males (15.6%) than in females (2.9%,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0<\u00a00.001). Major Gram\u2010negative (\n E.\u00a0coli<\/jats:italic>\n and\n K<\/jats:italic>\n .\u00a0\n pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n ) bacteria showed high sensitivity to cefoperazone\/sulbactam, cefotetan, piperacillin\/ tazobactam, and amikacin. In contrast, the resistance level was high to penicillin, tetracycline, and vancomycin in both groups. Gram\u2010positive (\n E<\/jats:italic>\n .\u00a0\n faecalis<\/jats:italic>\n and\n E<\/jats:italic>\n .\u00a0\n faecium<\/jats:italic>\n ) isolates demonstrated high sensitivity to gentamicin and vancomycin in both groups. Furthermore, uropathogens isolated from female urolithiasis patients were more susceptible to antimicrobials than males.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n Uropathogen microbial spectrum in female urolithiasis patients is different from males. High susceptibility antibiotics should be used empirically according to gender to avoid multidrug\u2010resistant bacteria increase.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcla.24155","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,2]],"date-time":"2021-12-02T03:43:27Z","timestamp":1638416607000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Gender differences in the microbial spectrum and antibiotic sensitivity of uropathogens isolated from patients with urinary stones"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Jie","family":"Gu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatric Urology Xiangya International Medical Center Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha China"},{"name":"Martini\u2010Klinik Prostate Cancer Center University Hospital Hamburg\u2010Eppendorf Hamburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatric Urology Xiangya International Medical Center Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiming","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatric Urology Xiangya International Medical Center Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yao","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Hunan Provincial People's Hospital The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University Changsha China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7238-0386","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaobo","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatric Urology Xiangya International Medical Center Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2012.03.052"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2014.08.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfs057"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","first-page":"333","article-title":"Renal struvite stones \u2010 pathogenesis, microbiology, and management strategies. 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