{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T00:09:15Z","timestamp":1790208555161,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,23]],"date-time":"2022-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655942400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004484","name":"Tehran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["39370"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["39370"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004484","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Laboratory Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Given the significant role of penicillin\u2010nonsusceptible <jats:italic>Streptococcus pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> in inducing severe infectious diseases, identifying serotypes and genotypes that can mediate antimicrobial resistance has become a pillar of treatment strategies. This study aims to determine the correlation between the minimum inhibitory concentration of antimicrobial agents and amino acid mutations in penicillin\u2010binding proteins. Moreover, molecular serotyping and multiple\u2010locus variable number tandem repeat analysis typing were first\u2010ever performed to characterize the invasive penicillin\u2010nonsusceptible <jats:italic>S.\u00a0pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> isolates in Iran.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of 149 isolates, antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed against penicillin, ceftriaxone, and cefotaxime by the MIC Test Strip, and sequence analysis of the pbp genes was performed through PCR\u2010sequencing method. All penicillin\u2010nonsusceptible <jats:italic>S.\u00a0pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> isolates were serotyped and genotyped by sequential multiplex PCR and multiple\u2010locus variable\u2010number tandem repeat analysis, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among pneumococcal isolates, 53 isolates were classified as penicillin\u2010nonsusceptible <jats:italic>S.\u00a0pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>, of which 38 (71.7%) and 15 (28.3%) were resistant and intermediate to penicillin, respectively. Furthermore, ceftriaxone\u2010 and cefotaxime\u2010nonsusceptible pneumococci constituted 33 (62.2%) and 29 cases (54.7%), respectively. Of note, there were 8 and 41 different serotypes and multiple\u2010locus variable\u2010number tandem repeat analysis types, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Due to the increasing resistance to antimicrobial agents, the most efficient approach to preventing pneumococcal infection mortality as vaccine\u2010preventable diseases is focusing on wide\u2010spectrum vaccination. Based on our findings, the 13\u2010valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine could considerably reduce the incidence of invasive pneumococcal diseases due to the high rate of serotype coverage.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcla.24566","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,24]],"date-time":"2022-06-24T06:49:11Z","timestamp":1656053351000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Identification and molecular characterization of penicillin\u2010nonsusceptible <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae<\/i> isolates recovered from invasive infections in a pre\u2010pneumococcal vaccine era"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Mehrdad","family":"Mosadegh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiology School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soheila","family":"Habibi Ghahfarokhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiology School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Ahmadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Microbiology Research Center Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1280-5765","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad Reza","family":"Pourmand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiology School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yousef","family":"Erfani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rahil","family":"Mashhadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Urology Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.12911"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-018-0001-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","first-page":"35","article-title":"Characteristics and management of community\u2010acquired pneumonia in the era of global aging","volume":"6","author":"Cill\u00f3niz C","year":"2018","journal-title":"Med Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(18)30310-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-018-3719-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0096282"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msu191"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10156-006-0473-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.46.5.1273-1280.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","first-page":"125","article-title":"Molecular detection and serotyping of Streptococcus pneumoniae in children with suspected meningitis in Northeast Iran","volume":"45","author":"Abdoli S","year":"2020","journal-title":"Iran J Med Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Molecular characterization, antibiotic resistance pattern and capsular types of invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from clinical samples in Tehran","volume":"20","author":"Beheshti M","year":"2020","journal-title":"Iran BMC Microbiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(05)70083-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S234295"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics8020041"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","first-page":"93","article-title":"Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine for childhood immunization\u2014WHO position paper","volume":"82","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2007","journal-title":"Wkly Epidemiol Rec"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(04)00938-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/fmb.14.153"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0158651"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0067147"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","volume-title":"Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing (28th edition). 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