{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T06:14:04Z","timestamp":1772777644402,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,9]],"date-time":"2022-08-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660003200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Laboratory Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>The objective of this study is to investigate the expression levels of Th<jats:sub>9<\/jats:sub> CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells and IL\u20109 secretion in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with primary Sjogren's syndrome. Further, this study aimed to investigate the role of Th<jats:sub>9<\/jats:sub> cells in the occurrence and development of pSS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 20 pSS patients and 20 healthy people, matched with age and gender, were selected as the experimental and control group, respectively. Flow cytometry and ELISA were used to detect the expression of Th<jats:sub>9<\/jats:sub> cytokines in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and IL\u20109 in serum, respectively. These factors were then correlated to other clinical indicators.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The levels of Th<jats:sub>9<\/jats:sub> CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells and IL\u20109 of pSS patients were significantly higher than those of the control group. Th<jats:sub>9<\/jats:sub> CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells and IL\u20109 levels in peripheral blood of pSS patients were negatively correlated with salivary flow rate, while IL\u20109 level was positively correlated with globulin. The transcription levels of IL\u20109 and immune\u2010related genes including IL\u20104, IL\u20107, IL\u201017, SMAD3, STAT5 and JAK3 were dramatically increased in serum of pSS patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The expression levels of Th<jats:sub>9<\/jats:sub> in peripheral blood and serum IL\u20109 of patients with pSS were significantly increased, which were correlated with clinical immunological indexes. Together, these data suggest that Th<jats:sub>9<\/jats:sub> cells and IL\u20109 may be involved in the pathogenesis of pSS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcla.24646","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,9]],"date-time":"2022-08-09T19:13:53Z","timestamp":1660072433000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["The role of Th9 <scp>CD4<\/scp><sup>+<\/sup> T cells and <scp>IL<\/scp>\u20109 during primary Sjogren's syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Jie","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital  Xining China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0354-273X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology Qinghai University Affiliated 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