{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T17:03:52Z","timestamp":1782320632604,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,24]],"date-time":"2024-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706054400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Laboratory Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Procalcitonin (PCT) is a critical biomarker that is released in response to bacterial infections and can be used to differentiate the pathogenesis of the infectious process.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this article, we provide an overview of recent advances in PCT biosensors, highlighting different approaches for biosensor construction, different immobilization methods, advantages and roles of different matrices used, analytical performance, and PCT biosensor construction. Also, we will explain PCT biosensors sensible limits of detection (LOD), linearity, and other analytical characteristics. Future prospects for the development of better PCT biosensor systems are also discussed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Traditional methods such as capillary electrophoresis, high\u2010performance liquid chromatography, and mass spectrometry are effective in analyzing PCT in the medical field, but they are complicated, time\u2010consuming sample preparation, and require expensive equipment and skilled personnel.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the past decades, PCT biosensors have emerged as simple, fast, and sensitive tools for PCT analysis in various fields, especially medical fields.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>These biosensors have the potential to accompany or replace traditional analytical methods by simplifying or reducing sample preparation and making field testing easier and faster, while significantly reducing the cost per analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcla.25006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,25]],"date-time":"2024-01-25T06:29:25Z","timestamp":1706164165000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Nanobiosensors for procalcitonin (<scp>PCT<\/scp>) analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8939-3688","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmad","family":"Mobed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Clinical Research Institute Tabriz University of Medical Sciences  Tabriz Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Darvishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center (IDTMRC), Department of Aerospace and Subaquatic Medicine AJA University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amir","family":"Tahavvori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Department, Medical Faculty Urmia University of Medical Sciences  Urmia Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iraj","family":"Alipourfard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fereshteh","family":"Kohansal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Clinical Research Institute Tabriz University of Medical Sciences  Tabriz Iran"},{"name":"Stem Cell Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences  Tabriz Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farhood","family":"Ghazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ramsar Campus Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences  Ramsar Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vahid","family":"Alivirdiloo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ramsar Campus Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences  Ramsar Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c3an00958k"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2019.05.038"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2014.07.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","unstructured":"WashingtonJA.Principles of diagnosis.2011."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40560-017-0246-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd.2019.11.63"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enzmictec.2023.110380"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21691401.2023.2252016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/bios12100894"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1100\/tsw.2010.181"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciu732"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/701480"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2017.11.149"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2058739219841469"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-021444"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v23.i47.8283"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","first-page":"59","article-title":"Clinical utility and measurement of procalcitonin","volume":"38","author":"Samsudin I","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Biochem Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.12309"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani10091511"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2021.113074"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-100072-4.00001-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14737159.2019.1554435"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/bios10120209"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2004.10.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/21691401.2014.942456"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c3cs35528d"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2015.12.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nnano.2011.44"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2021.113252"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-021-01045-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2021.113805"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10571-023-01401-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/bios11090336"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2021.130232"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2021.122617"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cofs.2021.09.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9783527832521.ch12"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10544-023-00666-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acax.2019.100029"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00604-022-05179-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/bios12100771"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2020.129244"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2021.113914"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2021.122347"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2013.07.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/slct.202202642"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2021.113409"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2022.132591"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00032719.2018.1482312"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2019.06.089"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.9b02771"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acssensors.9b02515"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2019.111871"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matchemphys.2023.127339"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C7RA06553A"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2019.111562"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2023.125308"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_9_60_1","first-page":"1582","article-title":"Ultrasensitive electrochemiluminescence biosensor with silver nanoclusters as a novel signal probe and \u03b1\u2010Fe2O3\u2013Pt as an efficient Co\u2010reaction accelerator for procalcitonin immunoassay","volume":"95","author":"Song X","year":"2023","journal-title":"Anal Chem"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physb.2021.413446"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jcla.25006","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,17]],"date-time":"2024-02-17T08:55:11Z","timestamp":1708160111000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jcla.25006"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,24]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jcla.25006"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jcla.25006","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0887-8013","1098-2825"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0887-8013","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-2825","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-06-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-01-07","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-01-24","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e25006"}}