{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T23:48:38Z","timestamp":1773359318817,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,25]],"date-time":"2024-01-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706140800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Laboratory Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Malaria parasites have a devastating effect on the infected host. However, there is a paucity of data on the effect of <jats:italic>Plasmodium falciparum<\/jats:italic> on thyroid hormones.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This case\u2013control study (1:1) involved children &lt;16\u2009years of age with uncomplicated malaria. Hematological parameters were determined using the URIT\u20105380 hematology analyzer (China). Later, levels of thyroid hormones, namely free triiodothyronine (fT3), free tetraiodothyronine (fT4), and thyroid\u2010stimulating hormone (TSH), were determined using human ELISA kits (DiaSino ELISA kit, Zhengzhou, China).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ninety children with malaria and ninety matched control group were studied. Overall, compared to the control group, lower TSH (3.43\u2009\u00b1\u20091.25 vs. 3.84\u2009\u00b1\u20091.34, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.035) and elevated levels of fT3 levels (5.85\u2009\u00b1\u20091.79 vs. 3.89\u2009\u00b1\u20091.19, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) were observed in patients with malaria. However, fT4 levels were comparable between cases and control group (16.37\u2009\u00b1\u20092.81 vs 17.06\u2009\u00b1\u20093.5, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.150). Free T3 levels were significantly higher in children &lt;10\u2009years (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and higher among male children with malaria (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Overall, there was a significant positive relationship between parasite counts and fT3 (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.95, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Furthermore, body temperature was positively correlated with fT3 (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.97, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Isolated fT3 thyrotoxicosis was observed in falciparum malaria, especially in children &lt;10\u2009years and male malaria patients, independent of TSH. This observation could explain the severity of malaria in children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcla.25013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,25]],"date-time":"2024-01-25T13:06:33Z","timestamp":1706187993000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Elevation of free triiodothyronine (<scp>fT3<\/scp>) levels by <i>Plasmodium falciparum<\/i> independent of thyroid stimulating hormone (<scp>TSH<\/scp>) in children with uncomplicated malaria"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Henrietta","family":"Kwansa\u2010Bentum","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of basic and Biomedical Sciences University of Health and Allied Sciences  Ho Ghana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6489-167X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Enoch","family":"Aninagyei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of basic and Biomedical Sciences University of Health and Allied Sciences  Ho Ghana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Adedia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Sciences, School of basic and Biomedical Sciences University of Health and Allied Sciences  Ho Ghana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nii Korley","family":"Kortei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Allied Health Sciences University of Health and Allied Sciences  Ho Ghana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adjoa Boakye","family":"Agyemang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of basic and Biomedical Sciences University of Health and Allied Sciences  Ho Ghana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Clement Okraku","family":"Tettey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of basic and Biomedical Sciences University of Health and Allied Sciences  Ho Ghana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2022.04.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","unstructured":"WHO.Global trends in the burden of malaria. 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