{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T16:39:48Z","timestamp":1772987988453,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769558400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769558400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Laboratory Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Epigallocatechin\u20103\u2010gallate (EGCG) is the major polyphenolic compound found in Winged Marigold and Green tea. It exhibits well\u2010established anti\u2010inflammatory and antioxidant characteristics. EGCG has been shown to suppress the expression of several pro\u2010inflammatory cytokines, including IL\u20106, IL\u20101\u03b2, TNF\u2010\u03b1, and IFN\u2010\u03b3. However, its effect on inflammation\u2010related cytokines associated with depression in \u03b2\u2010thalassemia patients remains incompletely understood.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Five peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) samples from \u03b2\u2010thalassemia patients were selected for this study in order to demonstrate how EGCG affects the inflammatory state in thalassemic individuals. EGCG was extracted from Winged Marigold using an ethanol\u2010based method, and its purity was confirmed using HPLC and LC\u2013MS\/MS analyses. PBMCs were treated with ethanolic solvent alone (control) or with EGCG at concentrations of 5, 25, and 50\u2009\u03bcM. Cell viability was assessed and compared with untreated controls, and cytokine gene expression was evaluated using RT\u2010qPCR.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      EGCG exhibited a statistically significant cytotoxic effect at concentrations above 10\u2009\u03bcM (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.005), with highly significant effects observed at 25 and 50\u2009\u03bcM (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Increasing EGCG concentrations up to 50\u2009\u03bcM resulted in a significant reduction in cytokine gene expression, with\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010values ranging from &lt;\u20090.001 to &lt;\u20090.05.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>EGCG significantly reduces the expression of depression\u2010related inflammatory cytokines in PBMCs derived from \u03b2\u2010thalassemia patients. These findings suggest that EGCG may have a potential modulatory role in inflammatory pathways associated with depression in thalassemia, although dose\u2010dependent cytotoxic effects should be carefully considered.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcla.70171","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]],"date-time":"2026-01-29T07:31:26Z","timestamp":1769671886000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effect of Epigallocatechin\u20103\u2010Gallate on Depression\u2010Related Cytokines in Thalassemia Patients: Molecular and Cellular Evaluation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5494-7772","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammed N.","family":"Salman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Pharmacy Jabir Ibn Hayyan University for Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences  Kufa Iraq"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5016-5194","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fouad Razzaq","family":"Al\u2010Burki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy Jabir Ibn Hayyan University for Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences  Kufa Iraq"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3554-2729","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hazim Ali","family":"Hussein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Pharmacy Jabir Ibn Hayyan University for Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences  Kufa Iraq"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1902-9543","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laith A.","family":"Younus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy Jabir Ibn Hayyan University for Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences  Kufa Iraq"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3157-7764","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fadhil A.","family":"Nasser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy Jabir Ibn Hayyan University for Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences  Kufa Iraq"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-9730-452X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hasanain A. A.","family":"Almohseni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy Jabir Ibn Hayyan University for Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences  Kufa Iraq"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","article-title":"Hematological Ratios and Cytokine Profiles in Heterozygous Beta\u2010Thalassemia","volume":"47","author":"ACMC","year":"2025","journal-title":"Hematology, Transfusion and Cell Therapy"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12998\/wjcc.v13.i10.100223"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.1624"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mco2.390"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biom15040502"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21145171"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules30030654"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.13249"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","volume-title":"Phytochemical Methods: A Guide to Modern Techniques of Plant Analysis","author":"Harborne J. 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