{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,4]],"date-time":"2026-04-04T06:15:20Z","timestamp":1775283320162,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773619200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773619200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011699","name":"Siemens Healthineers","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011699","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Laboratory Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>As the disease course of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID\u201019) can change rapidly, clinically relevant prognostic biomarkers could facilitate clinical\u2010decision making. Prior research has shown that Serum Amyloid A (SAA) might serve as a prognostic biomarker in patients with COVID\u201019. The aim of this study was to determine the discriminative ability of SAA, C\u2010reactive protein (CRP), ferritin, and procalcitonin (PCT) in patients with COVID\u201019 to differentiate between those who remain moderately ill from patients who become severely ill within 7\u2009days of hospitalization.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Blood samples and disease severity assessment were collected at day 1 (day of hospitalization), 3, 5, and 7 in a Dutch cohort of patients who were hospitalized for COVID\u201019. Blood was analyzed for concentrations of SAA, CRP, ferritin, and PCT.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>133 patients were included in this study. No differences in concentration of SAA, CRP, ferritin, and PCT at time of hospitalization were observed in patients who remained moderately ill compared to patients who progressed to severe COVID\u201019 within 7\u2009days of hospitalization. ROC curve analysis revealed that SAA, CRP, ferritin, and PCT failed to discriminate patients who progressed to severe illness from those who remained moderately ill, with areas under the curve (AUC) of 0.461 for SAA, 0.500 for CRP, 0.528 for PCT, and 0.550 for ferritin.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our study demonstrates that SAA, CRP, ferritin, and PCT levels at the time of hospitalization failed to discriminate between COVID\u201019 patients who remain moderately ill and those who progress to severe disease within 7\u2009days.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcla.70193","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T11:13:45Z","timestamp":1773659625000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Ability of Serum Amyloid A to Discriminate Coronavirus Disease 2019 (\n                    <scp>COVID<\/scp>\n                    \u201019) Patients Who Stay Moderately Ill Versus Patients Who Become Severely Ill"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Nadine M. C.","family":"Pouw","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Chemistry Franciscus Gasthuis &amp; Vlietland  Rotterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2929-4930","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tessa","family":"Noordermeer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Chemistry Franciscus Gasthuis &amp; Vlietland  Rotterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bianca Boxma\u2010de","family":"Klerk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Epidemiology Leiden University Medical Center  Leiden the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erwin","family":"Birnie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics, University Groningen University Medical Center Groningen  Groningen the Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Science Franciscus Gasthuis &amp; Vlietland  Rotterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Evert\u2010Jan","family":"Wils","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care Franciscus Gasthuis &amp; Vlietland  Rotterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simone","family":"Rauh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Science Franciscus Gasthuis &amp; Vlietland  Rotterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gert\u2010Jan","family":"Braunstahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonology Franciscus Gasthuis &amp; Vlietland  Rotterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sander","family":"Mol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Department Franciscus Gasthuis &amp; Vlietland  Rotterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ellen M.","family":"van der Zwan\u2010van Beek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Chemistry Franciscus Gasthuis &amp; Vlietland  Rotterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202002-0445OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2020.607647"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Biomarkers During COVID\u201019: Mechanisms of Change and Implications for Patient Outcomes","volume":"12","author":"Chen C. H.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199902113400607"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/319275"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2049936118811208"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resinv.2019.09.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0157024"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2004.031229"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd-22-345"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000028880"},{"issue":"13","key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","first-page":"4627","article-title":"Association Between Serum Amyloid A Levels and Predicting Disase Severity in COVID\u201019 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta\u2010Analysis","volume":"25","author":"Zhang D.","year":"2021","journal-title":"European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-021-08908-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cegh.2021.100727"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2021.03.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-020-01468-7"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_13_18_1","first-page":"3571","article-title":"The Value of Serum Amyloid A for Predicting the Severity and Recovery of COVID\u201019","volume":"20","author":"Fu J.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.13840"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21505594.2020.1840108"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2021.107512"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2021.104903"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(20)30483-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcla.23527"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/all.14238"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.110160"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/6336556"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_13_28_1","first-page":"162","article-title":"SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 Variant Biology: Immune Escape, Transmission and Fitness","volume":"21","author":"Carabelli A. M.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nature Reviews Microbiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-021-02231-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1189482"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jcla.70193","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/jcla.70193","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jcla.70193","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,4]],"date-time":"2026-04-04T05:39:19Z","timestamp":1775281159000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jcla.70193"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jcla.70193"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jcla.70193","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0887-8013","1098-2825"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0887-8013","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-2825","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-08-26","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-02-25","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-16","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70193"}}