{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T20:16:07Z","timestamp":1783023367017,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004391","name":"China Medical University Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DMR\u2010113\u2010104"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DMR\u2010113\u2010104"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004391","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007069","name":"Oklahoma State University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Laboratory Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Peroxisome proliferator\u2010activated receptor\u2010gamma (PPAR\u03b3) is a pivotal nuclear receptor regulating glucose and lipid homeostasis, making it a primary therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Despite the therapeutic potential of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), a systematic, large\u2010scale evaluation of its modulatory effects on PPAR\u03b3 remains insufficient.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We developed a high\u2010throughput screening platform utilizing a pGL4.17\u2010PPAR\u03b3 promoter\u2010luciferase reporter system in 293\u2009T cells. A library of 639 TCM samples (345 single formulas, SF; 294 multiple formulas, MF) was evaluated. Leading candidates were validated through RT\u2010qPCR, Western blotting, and ELISA to assess PPAR\u03b3 mRNA expression and protein abundance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Screening identified 139 TCMs that enhanced PPAR\u03b3 activity, with 47 SF and 2 MF achieving an effective rate (ER) exceeding 60%. Notably, 25 of these are novel candidates for T2D, while 24 align with previous reports. Specifically, Astragali Radix (S241) and Puerariae Thomsonii Radix (S258) were identified as potent inducers, significantly upregulating PPAR\u03b3 at both transcriptional and translational levels. Conversely, 55 samples, including\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                        <jats:italic>Gymnema sylvestre<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:styled-content>\n                      (S169) and Paris polyphylla (S3), exhibited robust inhibitory effects, reducing ER by \u221252% to \u221299%.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study identified 45 novel TCM candidates for T2D management. While several TCMs demonstrated PPAR\u03b3 inhibition despite their traditional use for diabetic symptom alleviation, our findings suggest that a comprehensive evaluation is essential to balance their immediate clinical benefits with long\u2010term metabolic management and potential side effects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcla.70215","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T06:16:27Z","timestamp":1775110587000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Large\u2010Scale Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicines Reveals Potential\n                    <scp>PPAR\u03b3<\/scp>\n                    Modulators for Type 2 Diabetes Management"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-8322-2312","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mingyuan","family":"Dou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematical Sciences, School of Natural Sciences and Mathematics The University of Texas at Dallas  Dallas Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shandra","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences Southeastern Oklahoma State University  Durant Oklahoma USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Montes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences Southeastern Oklahoma State University  Durant Oklahoma USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Ritter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences Southeastern Oklahoma State University  Durant Oklahoma USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li\u2010Yu","family":"Shih","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine China Medical University  Taichung Taiwan, Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chia\u2010Jung","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research China Medical University Hospital  Taichung Taiwan, Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5943-8619","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ying\u2010Chou","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Accounting and Finance, John Massey School of Business Southeastern Oklahoma State University  Durant Oklahoma USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0676-3143","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Min","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematical Sciences, School of Natural Sciences and Mathematics The University of Texas at Dallas  Dallas Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6925-7627","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shih\u2010Yin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research China Medical University Hospital  Taichung Taiwan, Republic of China"},{"name":"School of Chinese Medicine China Medical University  Taichung Taiwan, Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2372-3813","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ning","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences Southeastern Oklahoma State University  Durant Oklahoma USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07391102.2012.689699"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.102263"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.domaniend.2020.106440"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19051529"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.52.2.291"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","first-page":"249","article-title":"PPAR Gamma\/RXR as a Molecular Target for Diabetes","volume":"7","author":"Lenhard J. 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