{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T16:07:57Z","timestamp":1784304477441,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]],"date-time":"2026-05-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779408000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]],"date-time":"2026-05-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779408000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81903069"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81903069"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021171","name":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023A1515010294"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023A1515010294"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021171","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Laboratory Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n The International Consensus on ANA Patterns (ICAP) recently codified the AC\u201030 nuclear pattern, characterized by fine speckled nuclear texture and metaphase chromatin staining. Although formally recognized, its clinical significance remains unclear. Quantitative methods and objective outcome measures for characterizing AC\u201030 have not been established.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n A retrospective analysis was conducted using archived HEp\u20102 ANA images. AC\u201030 was defined by unanimous scoring from three blinded experts. AC\u20101 and AC\u20102 served as comparator sets. Clinical diagnoses and serological data were retrieved from hospital records. Pixel classification was performed using ilastik, and per\u2010nucleus intensity features were extracted with CellProfiler. Image\u2010level separation was assessed by partitioning nuclei into high\u2010 and low\u2010intensity groups via Isolation Forest. Statistical comparisons used Welch's\n t<\/jats:italic>\n \u2010tests and Spearman's rank correlation.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n The AC\u201030 group included 183 images (AC\u20101,\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u2009183; AC\u20102,\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u2009207). Within AC\u201030, 57.4% had non\u2010AID or unknown diagnoses, 26.8% had other autoimmune diseases, and 15.8% had ANA\u2010associated rheumatic disease (AARD). In ENA\u2010negative AC\u201030, AARD accounted for 7.7% (6\/78), compared to 18.3% (21\/115) in ENA\u2010negative AC\u20102. RA accounted for 16.9% (31\/183) in AC\u201030, consistent across ENA strata. AC\u201030 displayed lower per\u2010nucleus intensities than AC\u20102 (all\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.0001) and reduced per\u2010image \u0394MaxIntensity (0.177 vs. 0.252,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.0001), while \u0394MeanIntensity was similar (0.068 vs. 0.067,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.549).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n AC\u201030 is quantitatively dimmer than AC\u20102, with reduced nuclear brightness and peak\u2010intensity separation. In this retrospective cohort, ENA\u2010negative AC\u201030 was associated with fewer AARD cases. RA accounted for ~17% of AC\u201030, and anti\u2010CCP and RF remained informative markers. The ilastik\u2013CellProfiler workflow enables auditable ANA quantification.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcla.70249","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,23]],"date-time":"2026-05-23T06:56:52Z","timestamp":1779519412000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Retrospective Identification and Quantitative Image Analysis of the\n ICAP<\/scp>\n Nuclear Pattern\n AC<\/scp>\n \u201030 in Antinuclear Antibody Testing"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Changmeng","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine Peking University Shenzhen Hospital Shenzhen China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-3075-1107","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenhan","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine Peking 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