{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T12:58:49Z","timestamp":1790686729753,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788912000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":8,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009601","name":"Beijing Municipal Administration of Hospitals","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PX2025023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PX2025023"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009601","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Laboratory Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thrombin\u2010antithrombin complex (TAT), plasmin\u2010\u03b12\u2010antiplasmin complex (PIC), thrombomodulin (TM), and tissue plasminogen activator\u2010inhibitor complex (t\u2010PAIC) are key biomarkers reflecting coagulation\/fibrinolysis activation and endothelial injury. Population\u2010specific reference intervals (RIs) are essential for accurate diagnosis, but Chinese\u2010specific RIs remain limited. This study aimed to establish reliable RIs for these four markers in a Chinese population using indirect methods applied to clinical big data.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Anonymized clinical data for TAT, PIC, TM, and t\u2010PAIC from 2020 to 2024 at Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, were collected. After data reduction, deduplication, and outlier removal, RIs were calculated for the overall population and stratified by sex and age using indirect methods (Hoffmann and Bhattacharya). Reliability was verified by comparing the derived RIs with manufacturer\u2010provided ranges using reference change value (RCV) criteria.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall RIs determined by the Hoffmann method for TAT, PIC, TM, and t\u2010PAIC were 0.64\u20133.57\u2009ng\/mL, 0.25\u20131.08\u2009\u03bcg\/mL, 5.64\u201313.42 TU\/mL, and 3.22\u201315.88\u2009ng\/mL, respectively. Those determined by the Bhattacharya method were 0.58\u20132.84\u2009ng\/mL, 0.25\u20131.11\u2009\u03bcg\/mL, 5.60\u201314.53 TU\/mL, and 3.46\u201315.44\u2009ng\/mL, respectively. TAT and PIC levels were higher in females, whereas TM and t\u2010PAIC were higher in males. All four markers increased with age. Relative differences between method\u2010derived RIs and manufacturer ranges were within RCV limits.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Both Hoffmann and Bhattacharya's indirect methods are reliable for establishing RIs for TAT, PIC, TM, and t\u2010PAIC. The study provides population\u2010specific RIs for a Chinese cohort, supporting accurate early detection and risk assessment of thrombotic diseases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcla.70315","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T08:55:53Z","timestamp":1788944153000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Establishment of Reference Intervals for Thrombus Biomarkers in a Single\u2010Center Chinese Population Using Indirect Methods"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-6495-3188","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiyu","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiming","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.115.306841"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HS9.0000000000000936"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2018.10.040"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lanwpc.2024.101258"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jth.14578"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","first-page":"495","article-title":"Interpretation of \u2018Chinese Diagnostic Scoring System for Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation\u2019","volume":"30","author":"Mei H.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Hematology"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jth.12155"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1995-7645(14)60162-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-010-0566-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00281-011-0282-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/46.1.38"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2018.11.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1076029620971041"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10408363.2017.1379945"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2018-0059"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2018-0073"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","volume-title":"EP28\u2010A3c: Defining, Establishing, and Verifying Reference Intervals in the Clinical Laboratory; 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