{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T11:41:26Z","timestamp":1792755686361,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789084800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789084800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Laboratory Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n Sepsis\u2010associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a common complication of severe sepsis. Increased concentration of Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 (VCAM\u20101) is associated with SAE in a previous study. Neuron\u2010specific enolase (NSE) was shown to be related to brain injury in cardiac arrest and trauma patients and procalcitonin was associated with the severity of sepsis. But their relationship with sepsis\u2010associated encephalopathy was unknown.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n This study aimed to compare VCAM\u20101 with NSE and procalcitonin in association with sepsis\u2010associated encephalopathy.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n Fifty\u2010nine adult patients with sepsis admitted through the emergency department were evaluated. VCAM\u20101, NSE, and procalcitonin were assessed for their relationship with SE and compared with other clinical predictors and biomarkers.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n 29 (49%) patients had SAE. SAE group had higher VCAM\u20101 (1891.9 [1513.3\u20133229.9] vs. 1562.3 [1034.9\u20131892.9]), and lactate levels (32.1 [17.5\u201353.9] vs. 15 [10.3\u201324]) on admission than the non\u2010SAE group. NSE and procalcitonin were not statistically significantly associated with sepsis\u2010associated encephalopathy. Serum VCAM\u20101 is associated with procalcitonin (\n \u03c1<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.433,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.01) but not NSE (\n \u03c1<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u2009\u22120.208,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.114). Serum VCAM\u20101 level can be used to predict sepsis\u2010associated encephalopathy on Day 1, Day 4, Day 7 of sepsis. The AUC analysis of the ROC curve of serum sVCAM\u20101 showed that Day 7 had a higher AUC 0.856 (0.746\u20130.966) than Day 4 (0.802 [0.674\u20130.929]) and Day 1 (0.711 [0.563\u20130.859]).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n Serum VCAM\u20101 serves as a significant predictor of sepsis\u2010associated encephalopathy as defined in this study within the first seven days of sepsis identification. In contrast, NSE and procalcitonin did not demonstrate statistically significant associations with sepsis\u2010induced encephalopathy in this study.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcla.70350","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T07:51:05Z","timestamp":1789113065000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Compare Serum\n VCAM<\/scp>\n \u20101,\n NSE<\/scp>\n , Procalcitonin in Predict Sepsis Induced Encephalopathy in Septic Patients"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-3063-8317","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chun\u2010Fu","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergent Medicine Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Kaohsiung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheng\u2010Hsien","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Kaohsiung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8121-3977","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chih\u2010Min","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergent Medicine Kaohsiung Municipal Fong Shan Hospital\u2014Under the Management of Chang Gung Medical Foundation Kaohsiung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415\u2010006\u20100092\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2012.183"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064\u2010008\u20109671\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978\u201094\u2010017\u20107215\u20100_9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471\u20102261\u201011\u201048"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000191308.22233.88"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2020.2340"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0239979"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rec.2019.01.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2015.03.538"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/598762"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.0287"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2013.02.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000217218.51381.49"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/s0103\u2010507x2013000100011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064\u2010008\u20109907\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054\u2010016\u20101403\u20105"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jcla.70350","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/jcla.70350","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jcla.70350","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T11:18:44Z","timestamp":1792754324000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jcla.70350"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"20","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jcla.70350"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jcla.70350","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0887-8013","1098-2825"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0887-8013","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-2825","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-04-13","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-29","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-11","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70350"}}