{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T06:03:23Z","timestamp":1790229803259,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790121600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790121600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Laboratory Analysis"],"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n Significant interpatient variability in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID\u201019) manifestations highlights the influence of host genetic factors on disease outcomes. This study examines its association with COVID\u201019 susceptibility, severity, and inflammatory markers in an Iranian population.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n A retrospective case\u2013control analysis was performed on 210 COVID\u201019 patients and 210 age\u2010 and sex\u2010matched control subjects to evaluate whether the Interferon\u2010gamma (IFN\u2010\u03b3) gene polymorphism (+874\u2009T\/A) is associated with disease severity.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Patients had more comorbidities (e.g., diabetes 26.2% vs. 14.3%; hypertension 29.5% vs. 16.7%) and pronounced paraclinical abnormalities, including elevated Neutrophil\u2010to\u2010Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) (8.1 vs. 1.9), C\u2010reactive protein (CRP) (45.5 vs. 3.2\u2009mg\/L), and lymphopenia (1.1 vs. 2.1 \u00d7\u200910\n 3<\/jats:sup>\n \/\u03bcL; all\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.001). The TA genotype and A allele increased disease susceptibility (Odds Ratio (OR) =2.05 (95% CI: 1.32\u20133.19),\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.002; OR\u2009=\u20091.58 (95% CI: 1.11\u20132.25),\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.01, respectively). The TA genotype independently predicted severe disease (aOR\u2009=\u20092.85,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.001), and both the TA and AA genotypes were linked to higher IL\u20106 levels (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.001). TT carriers had shorter hospitalizations (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.01). Combining TA\/AA with NLR improved severity prediction (AUC\u2009=\u20090.82 (95% CI: 0.76\u20130.88)).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n The IFN\u2010\u03b3 +874 TA genotype was independently associated with severe COVID\u201019. The TA genotype appears to confer increased risk of severe disease, whereas the AA genotype may be linked to a milder clinical presentation despite elevated inflammatory markers. Integration of genetic and hematological parameters may enhance risk stratification; however, further validation in larger and diverse populations is warranted.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcla.70362","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T05:42:29Z","timestamp":1790228549000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association of\n IFN<\/scp>\n \u2010\u03b3\u2009+874\u2009T\/A Polymorphism With\n COVID<\/scp>\n \u201019 Susceptibility, Severity, and Inflammatory Response: A Case\u2013Control Study From Southern Iran"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7282-3538","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nasir","family":"Arefinia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Bio Environmental Health Hazards Research Center Jiroft University of Medical Sciences Jiroft Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9444-7337","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bahman","family":"Aghcheli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Disease Research Center Gonabad University of Medical Sciences Gonabad Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seyed Mohammad Ali","family":"Hashemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteriology & Virology Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zohreh\u2010al\u2010sadat","family":"Ghoreshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Jiroft University of Medical Sciences Jiroft Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8971-0775","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emad","family":"Behboudi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Medical Sciences Khoy University of Medical Sciences Khoy Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2025","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2025.1498445","article-title":"COVID\u201019 Clinical Presentation, Management, and Epidemiology: A Concise Compendium","volume":"13","author":"Maison D. 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