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More than half of the studies relied on a single source of compliance data (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 23), eight studies involved retrospective accounts, and only four studies used the same measure of homework compliance. The vast majority of studies focused on the assessment of \u201chomework compliance\u201d without consideration of the \u201cquality of homework completion\u201d or other key factors. A more comprehensive framework for homework compliance is discussed, and a new Homework Rating Scale (HRS) is proposed as the first step towards assisting the field in a more reliable and valid assessment of homework compliance. \u00a9 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 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