{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T16:55:18Z","timestamp":1789923318131,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,24]],"date-time":"2013-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1358985600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Clin Psychol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>The current study evaluated the mediational role of well\u2010being in the relationship between identity development and psychosocial functioning.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>A sample of 7,649 undergraduate students (73% female; mean age = 19.95, standard deviation = 1.98; 62% Caucasian) completed measures of personal identity, well\u2010being, internalizing symptoms, externalizing problems, and health\u2010risk behaviors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Results revealed that (a) identity exploration and commitment were negatively associated with internalizing symptoms, health\u2010risk behaviors, and externalizing problems through well\u2010being, (b) ruminative exploration was negatively associated with well\u2010being and positively associated with externalizing problems, and (c) increased levels of ruminative exploration appear more detrimental for men than for women.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study shed light on the mechanisms through which identity processes are related to internalizing symptoms, externalizing problems, and health\u2010risk behaviors. The role of well\u2010being in these associations, and the potentially deleterious \u201cside effects\u201d of exploration and commitment appear to suggest new and important directions for identity research.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.21960","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,24]],"date-time":"2013-01-24T17:35:05Z","timestamp":1359048905000},"page":"415-432","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":67,"title":["Identity Dimensions and Related Processes in Emerging Adulthood: Helpful or Harmful?"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Rachel A.","family":"Ritchie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Florida International University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan","family":"Meca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Florida International University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vanessa L.","family":"Madrazo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Florida International University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seth J.","family":"Schwartz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Miami"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sam A.","family":"Hardy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brigham Young University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Byron L.","family":"Zamboanga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Smith College"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert S.","family":"Weisskirch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"California State University, Monterey Bay"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Su Yeong","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Texas at Austin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan Krauss","family":"Whitbourne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Massachusetts\u2010Amherst"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lindsay S.","family":"Ham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Arkansas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard M.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1021700430364"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890423349"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/002204260503500202"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-8606.2007.00016.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.56.6.893"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ab.20314"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15374410709336568"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","article-title":"Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance \u2010United States, 2007","volume":"55","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2008","journal-title":"Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2005.03.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13676260220134403"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","volume-title":"Generation on hold: Coming of age in the late twentieth century","author":"C\u00f4t\u00e9 J. E.","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13676260801946464"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","volume-title":"Identity formation, agency, and culture: A social psychological synthesis","author":"C\u00f4t\u00e9 J. E.","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","volume-title":"Statistical power analysis with missing data: A structural equation modeling approach","author":"Davey A.","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","volume-title":"Childhood and society","author":"Erikson E. H.","year":"1950"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-1971(92)90073-E"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-1971(88)80034-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1198\/016214501753382309"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10964-009-9401-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","volume-title":"Principles and practices of structural equation modeling","author":"Kline R. B.","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.95.1.66"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0743558404271236"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/S1532706XID030205"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10705510709336746"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adolescence.2005.03.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jrp.2007.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0743558408322146"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1556-6678.2010.tb00150.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1521\/jscp.2008.27.4.336"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","volume-title":"Introduction to statistical mediation analysis","author":"MacKinnon D. P.","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03193007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-7834-5_10"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(97)10031-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","first-page":"179","volume-title":"The Blackwell handbook of adolescence","author":"Montgomery M. J.","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15283480801940115"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","volume-title":"Mplus user's guide","author":"Muth\u00e9n L. K.","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1023067302227"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1040-3590.5.2.164"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/014662167700100306"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01537606"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2004.07.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0743558409334254"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-29986-0_9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1559-1816.2002.tb02765.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.55.1.68"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.69.4.719"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.1993.tb02093.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_49_1","volume-title":"Coming of age in the 21st century: The lives and contexts of emerging adults","author":"Schulenberg J. E.","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10964-010-9606-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_51_1","volume-title":"Handbook of psychology, vol. 6: Developmental psychology","author":"Schwartz S. J.","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10888691.2011.538617"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0021370"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0165025408098018"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0165025411405954"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/S1532706XID0102_01"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NMD.0b013e3181924ad8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1525\/si.2003.26.1.95"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_59_1","first-page":"279","volume-title":"Adolescent psychiatry: Developmental and clinical studies","author":"Sugar M.","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.clinpsy.1.102803.144239"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1745691609356789"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4419-7988-9_16"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10902-006-9020-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Waterman A. S. Schwartz S. J. Hardy S. A. Kim S. Y. Lee R. M. Armenta B. E. \u2026Agocha B. V.(2012).Good choices poor choices: Relationship between the quality of identity commitments and psychosocial functioning. Manuscript submitted for publication.","DOI":"10.1177\/2167696813484004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17439760903435208"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1328","DOI":"10.1037\/a0016550","article-title":"Psychosocial development from college through midlife: A 34\u2010year sequential study","volume":"45","author":"Whitbourne S. K.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Developmental Psychology"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Psychology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fjclp.21960","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jclp.21960","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,4]],"date-time":"2023-10-04T04:23:33Z","timestamp":1696393413000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jclp.21960"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,24]]},"references-count":65,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jclp.21960"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jclp.21960","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-9762","1097-4679"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-9762","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-4679","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,24]]}}}