{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T11:30:48Z","timestamp":1783423848723,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,10]],"date-time":"2018-01-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1515542400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Clin Psychol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients\u2019 dependency on the therapist or treatment has received little empirical attention. To examine care dependency, we aimed to develop a theory\u2010driven questionnaire based on three hypothetical dimensions (passive\u2013submissive dependency; active\u2010emotional dependency; and lack of perceived alternatives) and to provide a preliminary exploration of several correlates of care dependency.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>Care dependency, perceived social support, therapeutic alliance, remoralization, and symptom severity were measured in a large cross\u2010sectional sample of 742 outpatients with various psychiatric disorders. Test\u2013retest reliability was established in a smaller patient sample.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Findings indicated a reliable questionnaire measuring three unidimensional subscales of care dependency (i.e., submissive dependency, need for contact, and lack of perceived alternatives; \u03b1\u2019s .74, .81, and .86 respectively; <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>t1,t2<\/jats:sub>\u2019s .78, .76, and .80, respectively). These subscales were all positively correlated with each other and with patients\u2019 self\u2010proclaimed care dependency, but divergent from patients\u2019 trait dependency and symptoms of a dependent personality disorder. Moreover, higher levels of care dependency were correlated with lower levels of remoralization and more symptoms severity, and with a better therapeutic alliance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>A reliable and valid questionnaire was developed to measure patients\u2019 care dependency. Future studies are needed to determine whether care dependency covers an unwanted side\u2010effect or a crucial ingredient of an effective treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.22574","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,10]],"date-time":"2018-01-10T16:22:35Z","timestamp":1515601355000},"page":"1189-1206","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Patients\u2019 care dependency in mental health care: Development of a self\u2010report questionnaire and preliminary correlates"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"74","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2106-7541","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naline","family":"Geurtzen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Radboud University Behavioural Science Institute"},{"name":"NijCa<sup>2<\/sup>re"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ger P. 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