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This study investigates whether traits of pathological narcissism account for distinctiveness (construal) of patients' interpersonal perceptions in treatment settings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients enrolled in psychological\/psychotherapeutic treatment (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009150) described a segment of a session in a written format and subsequently assessed both self\u2010 and clinician's behavior on the dimensions of dominance and hostility (patient\u2010reported ratings), along with their pathological narcissistic traits. Three independent raters also assessed interpersonal behaviors (observer\u2010reported ratings) based on the written session descriptions. Indices of construal were defined by the residuals of self\u2010reported (net of observer\u2010reported) ratings and were regressed onto pathological narcissistic traits.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>No association emerged between pathological narcissism and construal in patients' perceptions of their clinicians. However, grandiose traits of pathological narcissism were related to distinctively perceiving oneself as more dominant, while vulnerable traits were related to distinctively perceiving oneself as more hostile. The former association (but not the latter) also held after incorporating additional observer ratings to investigate the robustness of the results.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Findings are discussed in light of treatment\u2010related self\u2010enhancement and self\u2010concealment processes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.23454","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,2]],"date-time":"2022-11-02T20:40:11Z","timestamp":1667421611000},"page":"1002-1020","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Interpersonal perceptions in treatment sessions: Pathological narcissism predicts self\u2010rater discrepancies"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"79","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0840-7564","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Di Sarno","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Milano\u2010Bicocca Milano Italy"},{"name":"Personality Disorders Lab (PDlab) Parma\u2010Milano Milano Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simone","family":"Frisina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Milano\u2010Bicocca Milano Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabio","family":"Madeddu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Milano\u2010Bicocca Milano Italy"},{"name":"Personality Disorders Lab (PDlab) Parma\u2010Milano Milano Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rossella","family":"Di Pierro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Milano\u2010Bicocca Milano Italy"},{"name":"Personality Disorders Lab (PDlab) Parma\u2010Milano Milano Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","volume-title":"Pattern and growth in Personality","author":"Allport G. 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