{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T19:21:28Z","timestamp":1770924088897,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]],"date-time":"2025-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763942400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]],"date-time":"2025-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763942400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Psychol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Depression and anxiety are increasingly common among children and adolescents. While school\u2010based cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a promising intervention, most research has focused on its effects in high\u2010risk or symptomatic populations. This leaves a critical gap in our understanding of its effectiveness as a universal prevention strategy for the general, low\u2010risk student population. Establishing whether CBT can benefit low\u2010risk students is crucial for developing proactive, school\u2010wide mental health systems aimed at preventing future problems before they emerge. This study aimed to fill this gap by evaluating the short\u2010 and long\u2010term effects of universal school\u2010based CBT on low\u2010risk children and young people, providing insights for optimizing intervention programs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Systematic searches of MEDLINE, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and PsyInfo were conducted from inception to January 15, 2025 to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of school\u2010based CBT for depression and anxiety in low\u2010risk populations. Paired and regression meta\u2010analyses of these results were conducted using Bayesian hierarchical models.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The 31 RCTs included a total of 19,865 children and young people. Compared to the control group, school\u2010based CBT produced a statistically significant but very small improvement in depressive symptoms (SMD: \u22120.06, 95% CrI: \u22120.08 to \u22120.04) and a small reduction in anxiety symptoms (SMD: \u22120.19, 95% CrI: \u22120.22 to \u22120.17). These effects appeared to be maintained for up to 1 year. Exploratory analyses suggested that males may benefit more from anxiety interventions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study provides the first meta\u2010analytic evidence that universal school\u2010based CBT can produce small but durable, long\u2010term preventive effects in low\u2010risk youth. Although the very low quality of the underlying evidence means the findings are not robust enough to support widespread implementation at this time, they establish a crucial signal of effectiveness. The primary implication is that universal CBT is a promising strategy that warrants significant investment in future high\u2010quality, large\u2010scale trials to confirm its real\u2010world value.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.70069","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]],"date-time":"2025-11-24T10:27:52Z","timestamp":1763980072000},"page":"248-259","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Long\u2010Term Effects of School\u2010Based CBT in Low\u2010Risk Children and Adolescents: A Bayesian Meta\u2010Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"82","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-7878-8560","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiangying","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dongshin University Naju\u2010si Jeollanam\u2010do Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhide","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences and Sports Macao Polytechnic University, Rua de Gomes Macau China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jihye","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dongshin University Naju\u2010si Jeollanam\u2010do Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1573400511666150930232419"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","first-page":"748","article-title":"Depression, Anxiety and Academic Stress Among College Students: A Brief Review","volume":"8","author":"Bhujade V. 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