{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,19]],"date-time":"2025-09-19T10:58:57Z","timestamp":1758279537528},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,4]],"date-time":"2005-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1107475200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":7370,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal Cellular Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1984,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Using <jats:sup>86<\/jats:sup>RB<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> as a marker for K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> permeability, we find that extracellular Ca\u2010EGTA influences the rate of <jats:sup>86<\/jats:sup>Rb<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> efflux from erythrocyte ghosts preloaded with <jats:sup>86<\/jats:sup>Rb<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> and \u201cbuffered\u201d Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>. At an internal free Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>, where the rate of <jats:sup>86<\/jats:sup>Rb<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> efflux is minimal and uninfluenced by either external EGTA or external Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>, external Ca\u2010EGTA at 0.2\u20130.5 mM can raise the flux rate to as high as can be attained by raising internal Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>, in the presence of an excess externally either of Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> or of EGTA. Higher concentrations of Ca\u2010EGTA (up to 1\u20132 mM) diminish the flux rate. External Ca\u2010EDTA or Mg\u2010EDTA can substitute for Ca\u2010EGTA in enhancing and suppressing flux rate. The peak rate is insensitive to external free Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> but depends on internal Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>; internal Mg\u2010EDTA does not substitute for internal Ca\u2010EGTA. Thus, the erythrocyte membrane is asymmetric with respect to its interaction with Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> and Ca\u2010EGTA. Also, <jats:sup>22<\/jats:sup>Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> does not substitute for <jats:sup>86<\/jats:sup>Rb<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>. The peak rate of <jats:sup>86<\/jats:sup>Rb<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> flux produced by external Ca\u2010EGTA is diminished by chlorpromazine (0.1 mM) and augmented by 1\u2010propranolol (25 \u03bcM), in the same way as the rate produced by increasing internal Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>. The results suggest that external Ca\u2010EGTA enhances the affinity of internal Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> for its receptor(s) which operate the K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\u2010gate at the inner surface of the membrane. At external concentrations of Ca\u2010EGTA above 1\u20132 mM, <jats:sup>86<\/jats:sup>Rb<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> flux rate again rises with increase of Ca\u2010EGTA. This phenomenon does not depend upon internal Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>, is not affected by chlorpromazine or by 1\u2010propranolol, and is associated with an enhanced permeability to <jats:sup>22<\/jats:sup>Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>, inulin, and haemoglobin.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.1041210309","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,26]],"date-time":"2005-02-26T14:21:50Z","timestamp":1109427710000},"page":"508-516","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Modulation of Ca<sup>2+<\/sup>\u2010mediated K<sup>+<\/sup>\u2010gating of erythrocyte ghosts by external Ca\u2010EGTA"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"121","author":[{"given":"A. M.","family":"Benjamin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D. M. J.","family":"Quastel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2736(81)90504-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/y77-048"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02116577"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BFb0034078"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","first-page":"463","article-title":"Calculator programs for computing the composition of the solutions containing multiple metals and ligands used for experiments in skinned muscle cells","volume":"75","author":"Fabiato A.","year":"1979","journal-title":"J. Physiol. (Paris)"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/newbio237179a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/296744a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Effect of ethylenediamine\u2010tetra acetate on the permeability of human erythrocytes","volume":"14","author":"Gardos G.","year":"1958","journal-title":"Acta Physiol. Acad. Sci. Hung."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-3002(58)90124-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a132868"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.61.6.669"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/253273a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","first-page":"41P","article-title":"Ca uptake by ATP\u2010depleted red cells from different species with and without associated increase in K permeability","volume":"234","author":"Jenkins D. M. G.","year":"1973","journal-title":"J. Physiol. (Lond.)"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01868565"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.60.4.406"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1972.sp009945"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01868866"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2736(71)90274-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/263336a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/296742a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Movement of sodium and potassium ions and their tracers in propranolol treated red cells and diaphragm muscle","volume":"355","author":"Manninen V.","year":"1970","journal-title":"Acta Physiol. Scand. [Suppl.]"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","series-title":"Symp. Soc. Exp. Biol.","first-page":"161","volume-title":"Calcium in Biological Systems","author":"Meech R. W.","year":"1976"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0300-9629(72)90128-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplegacy.1971.220.1.19","article-title":"Effects of calcium and adenosine triphosphate on volume of human red cell ghosts","volume":"220","author":"Palek J.","year":"1971","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1975.sp011001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01869411"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","first-page":"16","article-title":"Effects of calcium and adenosine triphosphate on volume of human red cell ghosts","volume":"220","author":"Porzig H.","year":"1971","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. (Lond.)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.1041070202"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1971.sp009445"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01949932"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01868883"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1976.sp011321"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1976.sp011322"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01869941"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","first-page":"133","article-title":"Effects of drugs on the calcium\u2010dependent rapid potassium transport in calcium\u2010loaded intact red cells","volume":"13","author":"Szasz I.","year":"1978","journal-title":"Acta Biochim. Biophys. Acad. Sci. Hung."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2736(79)90144-5"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cellular Physiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fjcp.1041210309","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jcp.1041210309","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,20]],"date-time":"2023-10-20T17:21:35Z","timestamp":1697822495000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jcp.1041210309"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1984,12]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1984,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jcp.1041210309"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jcp.1041210309","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-9541","1097-4652"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-9541","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-4652","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1984,12]]}}}