{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T12:37:04Z","timestamp":1790858224212,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,4]],"date-time":"2005-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1107475200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6305,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal Cellular Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1987,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cysteine and cystine transport activities of resting and activated mouse spleen lymphocytes were characterized in order to examine the contributions of cysteine and cystine to intracellular glutathione contents. Following stimulation with lipopolysaccharide, the lymphocytes markedly increased their capacity to transport cysteine. The uptake of cysteine was mediated mainly by the ASC system (Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\u2010dependent neutral amino acid transport system especially reactive with alanine, serine, and cysteine). On the other hand, both the resting and the activated lymphocytes had extremely low cystine transport activities. Because of the instability of cysteine, the culture media usually contained cystine but not cysteine. Therefore, both the resting and the activated lymphocytes rapidly decreased their glutathione contents owing to their poor capacities to take up cystine. The effects of freshly added cysteine on the cellular glutathione contents were examined in the presence of bath\u2010ocuproinedisulfonate, a nontoxic copper\u2010specific chelator that inhibits autoxidation of cysteine. Cysteine added at 25\u2013400 \u03bcM only partially prevented the rapid decrease of the glutathione contents in fresh resting lymphocytes. In the lipopolysaccharide\u2010activated cells, however, cysteine enhanced the cellular glutathione contents in a dose\u2010dependent manner. These results indicate that the enhanced activity of the ASC system increases the level of intracellular glutathione in the presence of cysteine.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.1041330217","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,26]],"date-time":"2005-02-26T12:21:53Z","timestamp":1109420513000},"page":"330-336","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":134,"title":["Regulation of glutathione levels in mouse spleen lymphocytes by transport of cysteine"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"133","author":[{"given":"Tetsuro","family":"Ishii","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshiki","family":"Sugita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiro","family":"Bannai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)85901-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01870891"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj1820027"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2736(81)90328-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1982.tb06512.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(84)90069-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.136.3.604"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0008-8749(72)90237-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5237","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)99417-2","article-title":"A distinct Na+\u2010requiring transport system for alanine, serine, cysteine, and similar amino acids","volume":"242","author":"Christensen H. 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