{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,29]],"date-time":"2024-06-29T02:11:39Z","timestamp":1719627099742},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,4]],"date-time":"2005-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1107475200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5544,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal Cellular Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1989,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>In primary cultures of rat preadipocytes (PA) isolated from epididymal or perirenal depots, rat serum is more effective than other animal sera (fetal calf, newborn calf, human, horse, rabbit, cat, sheep, goat, dog, pig) in promoting adipogenic conversion, biochemical differentiation, and mitogenesis. Only mouse serum is comparable to rat serum. This activity is attributable to a specific growth factor (pre\u2010adipocyte stimulating factor, PSF). An assay for PSF in rat serum was devised using PA from perirenal fat of 3\u2010month\u2010old Fischer 344 rats grown first to confluence in FCS for 8 days and then for the next 3 days in test serum, followed by measurement of triglyceride (TG) and glycerol\u20103\u2010phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH). Rat serum induces dose\u2010dependent rapid cell division, which coincides with accumulation of TG and increase of GPDH; for routine quantitation, TG is assayed. The biochemical characteristics of PSF in serum are as follows: stable at 4\u00b0C for up to 1 year; inactivated at 100\u00b0C (80% loss, 30 min) but stable at 56\u00b0C for 1 hr; stable at pH 2\u201312; non\u2010dialyzable; completely resistant to pepsin, trypsin, and chymotrypsin but destroyed by pronase and subtilisin; stable to DTT and periodate; and m.w. between 68 kDa (Sephacryl\u2010300) and 58 kDa (Sephacryl\u2010300 in 5 M urea). PSF activity is greater in serum from Wistar than from Fischer 344 rats, while activity of serum from Zucker obese (fa\/fa) rats is at least as great as that from Wistar rats and, like serum of rats made obese by feeding a high\u2010fat, high\u2010carbohydrate diet, is not suppressed. PSF activity is not due to insulin, insulin\u2010like growth factor\u20101 (IGF\u20101), growth hormone, glucocorticoids, or combinations of these hormones. PSF activity was not seen with a number of growth factors including colony\u2010stimulating factor (CSF\u20101), GM\u2010CSF, interleukins 1, 2, and 3, neuroleukin, tumor necrosis factor, and others. PSF is distinct from the low molecular weight (4\u20138 kDa) differentiation factor present in rat serum, FCS, and human serum that promotes the adipogenic conversion and cellular differentiation of 3T3\u2010L1, 3T3\u2010F442A, and Ob17 cells. PSF appears to be a new differentiation factor for rat preadipocytes, has properties suggestive of a highly glycosy\u2010lated protein, and may be highly species specific.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.1041410313","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,26]],"date-time":"2005-02-26T09:44:03Z","timestamp":1109411043000},"page":"543-557","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Preadipocyte stimulating factor in rat serum: Evidence for a discrete 63 kDa protein that promotes cell differentiation of rat preadipocytes in primary cultures"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"141","author":[{"given":"Zhen\u2010Hua","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhongding","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James L.","family":"Kirkland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert I.","family":"Gregerman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4827(84)90638-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1444","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2275(20)34250-4","article-title":"Dietary and species influence on potential of plasma to stimulate differentiation and lipid accumulation in cultured adipocyte precursors","volume":"26","author":"Bj\u00f6rntorp P.","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. 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