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In this study, treatment of a human pancreatic duct cell line (hPANC\u20101) with T3 blocks cell growth by an increase of cells in G<jats:sub>0<\/jats:sub>\/G<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> cell cycle phase and enhances morphological and functional changes as indicated by the marked increase in the synthesis of insulin and the parallel decrease of the ductal differentiation marker cytokeratin19. Expression analysis of some of the genes regulating pancreatic \u03b2\u2010cell differentiation revealed a time\u2010dependent increase in insulin and glut2 mRNA levels in response to T3. As last step of the acquisition of a \u03b2\u2010cell\u2010like phenotype, we present evidence that thyroid hormones are able to increase the release of insulin into the culture medium. In conclusion, our results suggest, for the first time, that thyroid hormones induce cell cycle perturbations and play an important role in the process of transdifferentiation of a human pancreatic duct line (hPANC\u20101) into pancreatic\u2010\u03b2\u2010cell\u2010like cells. These findings have important implications in cell\u2010therapy based treatment of diabetes and may provide important insights in the designing of novel therapeutic agents to restore normal glycemia in subjects with diabetes. \u00a9 2005 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.20293","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,12]],"date-time":"2005-01-12T15:46:35Z","timestamp":1105544795000},"page":"286-296","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["3,5,3\u2032\u2010Triiodo\u2010<scp>L<\/scp>\u2010thyronine enhances the differentiation of a human pancreatic duct cell line (hPANC\u20101) towards a \u03b2\u2010cell\u2010Like 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