{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T18:49:27Z","timestamp":1783104567800,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,10]],"date-time":"2006-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1147219200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal Cellular Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study examined the effect of dopamine on DNA synthesis and its related signal cascades in mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells. Dopamine inhibited DNA synthesis in both a dose\u2010 and time\u2010dependent manner. Dopamine, SKF 38393 (D1 receptor agonist), and quinpirole (D2 receptor agonist) decreased the level of [<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>H]\u2010thymidine incorporation. The level of cyclic adenosine 3, 5\u2010monophosphate (cAMP) was increased by SKF 38393 but not by quinpirole. The protein kinase C (PKC) protein was translocated from the cytosolic fraction to the membrane compartment by dopamine. Dopamine also increased [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>, which was blocked by EGTA (an extracellular Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> chelator), BAPTA\u2010AM (an intracellular Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> chelator), nifedipine (a L\u2010type Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> channel blocker), SQ 22536 [an adenylyl cyclase (AC) inhibitor] and neomycin [a phospholipase C (PLC) inhibitor]. Dopamine, SKF 38393, and quinpirole increased the level of p44\/42 mitogen\u2010activated protein kinases (MAPKs), p38 MAPK, and stress\u2010activated protein kinase\/Jun\u2010N\u2010terminal kinase (SAPK\/JNK) phosphorylation. Dopamine also increased level of H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> formation and activated the transcription factor family NF\u2010\u03baB. Moreover, SKF 38393, quinpirole, and dopamine inhibited cell cycle regulatory proteins, which is consistent with the change in the level of [<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>H]\u2010thymidine incorporation observed. The dopamine\u2010induced decrease in cyclin E, cyclin\u2010dependent protein kinase\u20102 (CDK\u20102), and cyclin D1, CDK\u20104 were blocked by pertussis toxin (G protein inhibitor), SQ 22536, neomycin, bisindolylmaleimide I (PKC inhibitor), SB 203580 (p38 MAPK inhibitor), PD 98059 (p44\/42 inhibitor), and SP 600125 (SAPK\/JNK inhibitor). In conclusion, dopamine inhibits DNA synthesis in mouse ES cells via the cAMP, Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\/PKC, MAPKs, and NF\u2010\u03baB signaling pathways. J. Cell. Physiol. 208: 399\u2013406, 2006. \u00a9 2006 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.20674","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,10]],"date-time":"2006-05-10T22:51:02Z","timestamp":1147301462000},"page":"399-406","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Dopamine regulates cell cycle regulatory proteins via cAMP, Ca<sup>2+<\/sup>\/PKC, MAPKs, and NF\u2010\u03baB in mouse embryonic stem cells"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"208","author":[{"given":"Min Young","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jung Sun","family":"Heo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ho 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