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Our aim was to investigate the role of Vpr signaling in myeloid cells using an adenovirus based expression and indicator system. Our results show that Vpr is inhibitory to NF\u2010\u03baB, however, this effect is dependent on the particular manner of NF\u2010\u03baB stimulation. Consistent with this notion, we report that Vpr has inhibitory effects that are specific to the TNF\u2010\u03b1 pathway, but not affecting the LPS pathway, suggesting that differential targets of Vpr may exist for NF\u2010\u03baB regulation. Further, we identify VprBP as one possible cellular component of Vpr's regulation of I\u03baB\u03b1 in response to TNF\u2010\u03b1 stimulation. We did not identify such a role for HSP27, which instead seems to inhibit Vpr functions. Chronically HIV\u20101 infected U1 cells with knockdown constructs for Vpr were unexpectedly less responsive to TNF\u2010\u03b1 mediated viral replication, perhaps suggesting that other HIV\u20101 components may antagonize these anti\u2010NF\u2010\u03baB effects in infected cells. We hypothesize that Vpr may serve an important role in the context of viral infection and immune function in vivo, through its selective inhibition of NF\u2010\u03baB pathways. J. Cell. Physiol. 228: 781\u2013790, 2013. \u00a9 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.24226","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,21]],"date-time":"2012-09-21T12:05:04Z","timestamp":1348229104000},"page":"781-790","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Inhibition of NF\u2010\u03baB activity by HIV\u20101 Vpr is dependent on Vpr binding protein"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"228","author":[{"given":"Michael","family":"Kogan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satish","family":"Deshmane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bassel E.","family":"Sawaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward 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