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Estrogen receptors (ERs, ER\u03b1, and ER\u03b2) are ligand\u2010activated transcription factors, which regulate target gene expression, promote cell proliferation, and resist apoptosis. However, it is unclear whether LPLI could induce ligand\u2010independent activation of ERs. In the present study, we investigated the subcellular pools, nuclear redistribution, and transcriptional activity of ERs under LPLI (1.2\u2009J\/cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, 633\u2009nm) treatment using single\u2010molecule fluorescence imaging and dual\u2010luciferase reporter assay. We found that ERs were not only localized to nucleus, but also existed in mitochondria. Moreover, we found that LPLI induced nuclear redistribution and transcriptional activity of ERs in a ligand\u2010independent manner. Our further investigation showed that PI3\u2010K\/Akt signaling cascade was involved in LPLI\u2010induced activation of ERs. Wortmannin, a PI3\u2010K inhibitor, or triciribine (API\u20102), a specific Akt inhibitor, potently suppressed the nuclear redistribution and transcriptional activity of ERs induced by LPLI, revealing that PI3\u2010K\/Akt signaling cascade was required for the activation of ERs induced by LPLI. Collectively, we demonstrated the first time that LPLI induced the ligand\u2010independent nuclear redistribution and transcriptional activity of ERs, which were dependent on the activity of PI3\u2010K\/Akt. Our findings provide direct evidence for the molecular mechanisms of LPLI\u2010induced transcription factor activation. J. Cell. Physiol. \u00a9 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.24252","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,12]],"date-time":"2012-10-12T12:51:15Z","timestamp":1350046275000},"page":"1045-1059","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Activation of nuclear estrogen receptors induced by low\u2010power laser irradiation via PI3\u2010K\/Akt signaling cascade"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"228","author":[{"given":"Lei","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yonghong","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Da","family":"Xing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2005.05.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.1092350306"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M105725200"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5849(02)01356-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M010840200"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/me.2007-0356"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.E06-08-0766"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00508.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.20178"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamcr.2005.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.20589"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-78818-0_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)61522-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M300511200"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1996.tb00580.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7263","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)42514-8","article-title":"Estrogen receptor phosphorylation. 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