{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T14:10:07Z","timestamp":1776262207834,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,28]],"date-time":"2013-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1359331200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal Cellular Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>MicroRNAs are short non\u2010coding RNAs that modulate gene expression by translational repression. Because of their high stability in intracellular as well as extracellular environments, miRNAs have recently emerged as important biomarkers in several human diseases. However, they have not been tested in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of HIV\u20101 positive individuals. Here, we present results of a study aimed at determining the feasibility of detecting miRNAs in the CSF of HIV\u2010infected individuals with and without encephalitis (HIVE). We also evaluated similarities and differences between CSF and brain tissue miRNAs in the same clinical setting. We utilized a high throughput approach of miRNA detection arrays and identified differentially expressed miRNAs in the frontal cortex of three cases each of HIV+, HIVE, and HIV\u2212 controls, and CSF of 10 HIV\u2010positive and 10 HIV\u2010negative individuals. For the CSF samples, the group of HIV+ individuals contained nine cases of HIV\u2010associated neurological disorders (HAND) and, among those, four had HIVE. All the HIV\u2010negative samples had non\u2010viral acute disseminate encephalomyelitis. A total of 66 miRNAs were found differentially regulated in HIV+ compared to HIV\u2212 groups. The greatest difference in miRNA expression was observed when four cases of HIVE were compared to five non\u2010HIVE cases, previously normalized with the HIV\u2010negative group. After statistical analyses, 11 miRNAs were fund significantly up\u2010regulated in HIVE. Although more clinical samples should be examined, this work represents the first report of CSF miRNAs in HIV\u2010infection and offers the basis for future investigation. J. Cell. Physiol. \u00a9 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.24254","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,5]],"date-time":"2012-10-05T16:44:23Z","timestamp":1349455463000},"page":"1070-1075","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Cerebrospinal fluid miRNA profile in 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