{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T06:45:18Z","timestamp":1791269118669,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,25]],"date-time":"2013-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1361750400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal Cellular Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Human Cripto\u20101 (CR\u20101) plays an important role in regulating embryonic development while also regulating various stages of tumor progression. However, mechanisms that regulate CR\u20101 expression during embryogenesis and tumorigenesis are still not well defined. In the present study, we investigated the effects of two nuclear receptors, liver receptor homolog (LRH)\u20101 and germ cell nuclear factor receptor (GCNF) and epigenetic modifications on CR\u20101 gene expression in NTERA\u20102 human embryonal carcinoma cells and in breast cancer cells. CR\u20101 expression in NTERA\u20102 cells was positively regulated by LRH\u20101 through direct binding to a DR0 element within the CR\u20101 promoter, while GCNF strongly suppressed CR\u20101 expression in these cells. In addition, the CR\u20101 promoter was unmethylated in NTERA\u20102 cells, while T47D, ZR75\u20101, and MCF7 breast cancer cells showed high levels of CR\u20101 promoter methylation and low CR\u20101 mRNA and protein expression. Treatment of breast cancer cells with a demethylating agent and histone deacetylase inhibitors reduced methylation of the CR\u20101 promoter and reactivated CR\u20101 mRNA and protein expression in these cells, promoting migration and invasion of breast cancer cells. Analysis of a breast cancer tissue array revealed that CR\u20101 was highly expressed in the majority of human breast tumors, suggesting that CR\u20101 expression in breast cancer cell lines might not be representative of in vivo expression. Collectively, these findings offer some insight into the transcriptional regulation of CR\u20101 gene expression and its critical role in the pathogenesis of human cancer. J. Cell. Physiol. 228: 1174\u20131188, 2013. \u00a9 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.24271","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,5]],"date-time":"2012-11-05T17:41:55Z","timestamp":1352137315000},"page":"1174-1188","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Regulation of human Cripto\u20101 expression by nuclear receptors and DNA promoter methylation in human embryonal and breast cancer cells"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"228","author":[{"given":"Caterina","family":"Bianco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nadia 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