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The primordial follicle is composed of two cell members, namely the oocyte and the pre\u2010granulosa cells that encircle the oocyte. However, it is unclear what factors are involved in the reorganization of the two distinct cells into one functional unit. This study was performed to address this issue. Firstly, in an in vitro reconstruction system, dispersed ovarian cells from murine fetal ovaries at 19.0 days post coitum (dpc) reassembled into follicle\u2010like structures, independent of the physical distance between the cells, implying that either oocytes or ovarian somatic cells (OSCs) were motile. We then carried out a series of transwell assay experiments, and determined that it was in fact 19.0\u2009dpc OSCs (as opposed to oocytes), which exhibited a significant chemotactic response to both fetal bovine serum and oocytes themselves. We observed that S100A8, a multi\u2010functional chemokine, may participate in the process as it is mainly expressed in oocytes within the cysts\/plasmodia. S100A8 significantly promoted the number of migrating OSCs by 2.5 times in vitro, of which 66.9% were FOXL2 protein\u2010positive cells, implying that the majority of motile OSCs were pre\u2010granulosa cells. In addition, an S100A8\u2010specific antibody inhibited the formation of follicle\u2010like reconstruction cell mass in vitro. And, the primordial follicle formation was reduced when <jats:italic>S100a8<\/jats:italic>\u2010specific siRNA was applied onto in vitro cultured 17.5\u2009dpc ovary. Therefore, S100A8 could be a chemokine of oocyte origin, which attracts OSCs to form the primordial follicles. J. Cell. Physiol. 230: 2998\u20133008, 2015. \u00a9 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.25032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,6]],"date-time":"2015-05-06T22:35:28Z","timestamp":1430951728000},"page":"2998-3008","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["S100A8, An Oocyte\u2010Specific Chemokine, Directs the Migration of Ovarian Somatic Cells During Mouse Primordial Follicle Assembly"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"230","author":[{"given":"Zhen","family":"Teng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Agro\u2010biotechnology College of Biological Science China Agricultural University Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Agro\u2010biotechnology College of Biological Science China Agricultural University Beijing, 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