{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T18:01:12Z","timestamp":1773079272201,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,29]],"date-time":"2017-12-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514505600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,29]],"date-time":"2017-12-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514505600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal Cellular Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:label\/>\n                    <jats:p>Tissue regenerative medicine combines the use of cells, scaffolds, and molecules to repair damaged tissues. Different cell types are employed for musculoskeletal diseases, both differentiated and mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). In recent years, the hypothesis that cell\u2010based therapy is guided principally by cell\u2010secreted factors has become increasingly popular. The aim of the present literature review was to evaluate preclinical and clinical studies that used conditioned medium (CM), rich in cell\u2010factors, for musculoskeletal regeneration. Thirty\u2010one were in vitro, 12 in vivo studies, 1 was a clinical study, and 2 regarded extracellular vesicles. Both differentiated cells and MSCs produce CM that induces reduction in inflammation and increases synthetic activity. MSC recruitment and differentiation, endothelial cell recruitment and angiogenesis have also been observed. In vivo studies were performed with CM in bone and periodontal defects, arthritis and muscle dystrophy pathologies. The only clinical study was performed with CM from MSCs in patients needing alveolar bone regeneration, showing bone formation and no systemic or local complications. Platelet derived growth factor receptor \u03b2, C3a, vascular endothelial growth factor, monocyte chemoattractant protein\u20101 and \u20103, interleukin 3 and 6, insulin\u2010like growth factor\u2010I were identified as responsible of cell migration, proliferation, osteogenic differentiation, and angiogenesis. The use of CM could represent a new regenerative treatment in several musculoskeletal pathologies because it overcomes problems associated with the use of cells and avoids the use of exogenous GFs or gene delivery systems. However, some issues remain to be clarified.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.26291","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,20]],"date-time":"2017-11-20T22:42:34Z","timestamp":1511217754000},"page":"4423-4442","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["The use of cell conditioned medium for musculoskeletal tissue regeneration"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"233","author":[{"given":"Francesca","family":"Veronesi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biocompatibility Technological Innovations and Advanced Therapies, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6327-4653","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Veronica","family":"Borsari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute Bologna 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