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Although endometriosis is a benign gynecological disease, there is a need to identify the pathology and develop a therapy for endometriosis. Elucidating the biological mechanism of chrysin on endometriosis will improve the understanding of endometriosis. In this study, we confirmed the apoptotic effects of chrysin in human endometriotic cells using End1\/E6E7 (endocervix\u2010derived endometriotic cells) and VK2\/E6E7 (vaginal mucosa\u2010derived epithelial endometriotic cells). The results showed that chrysin suppressed the proliferation of endometriosis and induced programmed cell death through changing the cell cycle proportion and increasing the cytosolic calcium level and generation of reactive oxygen species. In addition, chrysin activated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress by stimulating the unfolded protein response proteins, especially the 78\u2010kDa glucose\u2010regulated protein\u2013PRKR\u2010like ER kinase (PERK)\u2013eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2\u03b1 (eIF2\u03b1) pathway in both endometriotic cell lines. Furthermore, chrysin inactivated the intracellular phosphoinositide 3\u2010kinase (PI3K)\/protein kinase B (PKB, also known as AKT) signaling pathway in a dose\u2010dependent manner. Collectively, the results of this study indicated that chrysin induced programmed cell death by activating the ER stress response and inactivating the PI3K signaling pathways in human endometriotic cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.26770","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,10]],"date-time":"2018-10-10T01:15:30Z","timestamp":1539134130000},"page":"2480-2490","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Chrysin leads to cell death in endometriosis by regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress and cytosolic calcium level"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"234","author":[{"given":"Soomin","family":"Ryu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fuller 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