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The association between adverse pregnancy outcomes and silent bacterial infections has been poorly investigated.\n                    <jats:italic>Ureaplasma parvum<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>urealiticum, Mycoplasma genitalium<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>hominis<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/jats:italic>\n                    DNA sequences have been investigated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods in chorionic villi tissues and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from females with spontaneous abortion (SA,\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009100) and females who underwent voluntary interruption of pregnancy (VI,\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009100).\n                    <jats:italic>U. parvum<\/jats:italic>\n                    DNA was detected in 14% and 15% of SA and VI, respectively, with a mean of bacterial DNA load of 1.3\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    copy\/cell in SA and 2.8\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                    <jats:sup>\u22123<\/jats:sup>\n                    copy\/cell in VI;\n                    <jats:italic>U. urealiticum<\/jats:italic>\n                    DNA was detected in 3% and 2% of SA and VI specimens, respectively, with a mean DNA load of 3.3\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                    <jats:sup>\u22123<\/jats:sup>\n                    copy\/cell in SA and 1.6\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                    <jats:sup>\u22123<\/jats:sup>\n                    copy\/cell in VI;\n                    <jats:italic>M. hominis<\/jats:italic>\n                    DNA was detected in 5% of SA specimens with a DNA load of 1.3\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                    <jats:sup>\u22124<\/jats:sup>\n                    copy\/cell and in 6% of VI specimens with a DNA load of 1.4\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                    <jats:sup>\u22124<\/jats:sup>\n                    copy\/cell;\n                    <jats:italic>C. trachomatis<\/jats:italic>\n                    DNA was detected in 3% of SA specimens with a DNA load of 1.5\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                    <jats:sup>\u22124<\/jats:sup>\n                    copy\/cell and in 4% of VI specimens with a mean DNA load of 1.4\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                    <jats:sup>\u22124<\/jats:sup>\n                    copy\/cell. In PBMCs from the SA and VI groups,\n                    <jats:italic>Ureaplasma spp, Mycoplasma spp<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>C. trachomatis<\/jats:italic>\n                    DNAs were detected with a prevalence of 1%\u20133%. Bacteria were investigated, for the first time, by quantitative real\u2010time PCR (qPCR) in chorionic villi tissues and PBMCs from women affected by SA and VI. These data may help to understand the role and our knowledge of the silent infections in SA.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.26952","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,7]],"date-time":"2018-08-07T02:59:34Z","timestamp":1533610774000},"page":"100-107","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Investigation on silent bacterial infections in specimens from pregnant women affected by spontaneous miscarriage"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"234","author":[{"given":"Carlo","family":"Contini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences Section of Infectious Diseases and Dermatology, University of Ferrara Ferrara Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John C.","family":"Rotondo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Morphology Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pathology, Oncology 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