{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T19:36:06Z","timestamp":1792438566426,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,2]],"date-time":"2018-08-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1533168000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal Cellular Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Hydatid cyst, the larval stage of the tapeworm <jats:italic>Echinococcus granulosus<\/jats:italic> and a causative agent of cystic echinococcosis, possesses a vast number of antigenic peptides that are constantly presented in the host immune system during infection. Here, we sought to provide more information about the cellular\/humoral components engaged in the peripheral immune reactions to the fertile\u2010cyst\u2010derived <jats:italic>Echinococcus<\/jats:italic> alkaline phosphatase (E.ALP) in human hosts. Lymphoproliferative and cytokine responses after recall of E.ALP suggested the presence of specific immune reactions against the antigen. Interferon gamma (IFN\u2010\u03b3), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF\u2010\u03b1), and interleukin (IL)\u201010 had the highest fold increase over the spontaneous levels in response to hydatid crude antigen (HCA). Recall of E.ALP, as well as its encounter, boosted IFN\u2010\u03b3, TNF\u2010\u03b1, IL\u20102, and IL\u20106 responses in peripheral blood mononuclear cells cultures (PBMCs). The HCA\u2010driven levels of all the cytokines in the culture supernatants of normal PBMCs were higher than those measured after E.ALP encounter. Immunoglobulin G (IgG)\u2010profile in response to HCA showed the dominance of specific IgG1, IgG2, and IgG4 antibodies, but relatively lower affinity of IgG3 to this antigen. IgG1 and IgG3 were the only isotypes detected in serum responses to E.ALP. Our findings suggested that E.ALP contributes to the early phase of immune responses to the parasite, likely by induction of proinflammatory profiles and clonal expansion of high\u2010affinity IgG1\u2010 and IgG3\u2010secreting plasma cells, suggesting the value of E.ALP as a candidate to develop novel therapeutic and immunization strategies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.27092","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,7]],"date-time":"2018-08-07T04:34:02Z","timestamp":1533616442000},"page":"2765-2777","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Characterization of cellular and humoral immune responses to alkaline phosphatase from fertile hydatid cysts in the human peripheral blood"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"234","author":[{"given":"Ali","family":"Vatankhah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Semmelweis University Budapest Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seyed Mohamad Reza","family":"Ghaffari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathophysiology Semmelweis University Budapest Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reza G.","family":"Vatankhah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Violetta","family":"Piurk\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Semmelweis University Budapest Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00f3zsef","family":"T\u00edm\u00e1r","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Semmelweis University Budapest Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amir","family":"Avan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Metabolic Syndrome Research Center Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mir H.","family":"Jazayeri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Research Center Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"},{"name":"Department of Immunology, School of Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_8_1_2_1","first-page":"223","article-title":"A comparison between the effects of albendazole and mebendazole on the enzymatic activity of excretory \/ secretory products of Echinococcus granulosus\u00a0protoscoleces in vitro","volume":"45","author":"Adnani Sadati S. 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