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In this study, we evaluated the effects of Art on osteoclast formation and activation and on the development of breast cancer cells in bone. To evaluate the effect of Art on osteoclast differentiation in vitro, we treated bone marrow\u2010derived macrophages (BMMs) with various concentrations of Art and evaluated the expression of genes and proteins involved in osteoclast formation. We also performed cell counting kit\u20108 assays to evaluate the toxicity of Art in BMMs and MDA\u2010MB\u2010231 cells. We also performed Transwell assays, wound\u2010healing assays, colony formation assays, and cell apoptosis assays to evaluate the effect of Art in MDA\u2010MB\u2010231 cells. We also evaluated the effect of Art in an in vivo osteoclast bone resorption assay using a nude mouse model. We demonstrated that Art inhibits the differentiation and establishment of osteoclasts even though Art is not toxic to osteoclasts. In addition, Art reduced expression of genes involved in osteoclast formation and inhibited osteoclast bone resorption in a concentration\u2010dependent manner. Based on our data, we believe that Art can inhibit proliferation of breast cancer cells by activating apoptosis pathways, and inhibit osteoclast formation and differentiation by inhibiting activation of cathepsin K, ATPase H+ transporting V0 subunit D2, nuclear factor of activated T cells 1, calcitonin receptor, and tartrate\u2010resistant acid phosphatase and by inhibiting nuclear factor\u2010\u03baB activation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.27875","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T07:47:01Z","timestamp":1787125621000},"page":"12663-12675","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Artemisinin inhibits breast cancer\u2010induced osteolysis by inhibiting osteoclast formation and breast cancer cell proliferation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"234","author":[{"given":"Jia","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology The First Affliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University  Nanning People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0937-9670","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenyu","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery The First Affliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University  Nanning People's Republic of China"},{"name":"Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Medical University  Nanning People's Republic of\u00a0China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huiping","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology The First Affliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University  Nanning People's Republic of 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