{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T08:25:59Z","timestamp":1787127959159,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,3]],"date-time":"2019-01-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1546473600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,3]],"date-time":"2019-01-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1546473600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal Cellular Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    miR\u2010224 is associated with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) that is an epidemic in reproductive age women. Most studies of miR\u2010224 have focused on in vitro analyses, whereas the in vivo effects are not widely understood. In this study, we have conducted in silico analysis and found two potential miR\u2010224 target genes,\n                    <jats:italic>Ptx3<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Smad4<\/jats:italic>\n                    that have roles in folliculogenesis. Because patients with PCOS have decreased numbers of follicular cells related to cell apoptosis, we also investigated two apoptotic genes,\n                    <jats:italic>Bax<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Bcl2<\/jats:italic>\n                    . We used the intraovarian injection method to deliver miR\u2010224 into a mouse model. Histological examination of the ovaries was done by fluorescent microscope. Fertilization, cleavage, and developmental competence rates were counted under a stereomicroscope and compared between the studied groups. Quantitative real\u2010time polymerase chain reaction (qRT\u2010PCR) analysis of miR\u2010224 was conducted to determine the levels of the studied genes in the oocytes, cumulus cells, and blastocysts. The numbers of oocytes and fertilization rate indicated a higher apoptosis index (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05) and increased numbers of degenerated embryos with irregular blastomeres and fragmented cytoplasm in the experimental group. RT\u2010PCR results indicated a significant increase in miR\u2010224 levels in the manipulated group. Of the four analyzed genes,\n                    <jats:italic>Ptx3<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Smad4,<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Bcl2<\/jats:italic>\n                    had decreased levels in the transfected group, with increased\n                    <jats:italic>Bax<\/jats:italic>\n                    expression (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). This data showed that miR\u2010224 negatively affected ovulation in the mouse model by decreasing\n                    <jats:italic>Ptx3<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Smad4<\/jats:italic>\n                    expressions. The changes in\n                    <jats:italic>Bcl2<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Bax<\/jats:italic>\n                    expression levels, as apoptosis biomarkers, showed that apoptosis was a secondary outcome of the effect of miR\u2010224.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.28067","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,3]],"date-time":"2019-01-03T09:59:13Z","timestamp":1546509553000},"page":"13858-13866","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Intraovarian injection of miR\u2010224 as a marker of polycystic ovarian syndrome declines oocyte competency and embryo development"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"234","author":[{"given":"Maryam","family":"Vahdat\u2010Lasemi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Hosseini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vahid","family":"Jajarmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bahram","family":"Kazemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"},{"name":"Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3768-4325","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad","family":"Salehi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"},{"name":"Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.12325"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12958\u2010015\u20100044\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/jrf.0.1170097"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/JOE\u201012\u20100252"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.3583"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01195"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1477\u20107827\u201011\u2010109"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092\u20108674(04)00045\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/rep.1.01074"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0093-691X(99)00133-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mod.2016.12.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2013.02.014"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_8_1_14_1","first-page":"17","article-title":"Minireview: New advances in microRNAs related to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)","volume":"2","author":"Lu W.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Advances in Biology and Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439\u20100531.2009.01463.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/me.2005\u20100462"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10815\u2010013\u20100161\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.01056"},{"issue":"18","key":"e_1_2_8_1_19_1","first-page":"7930","article-title":"Expressional profile of apoptosis and anti\u2010apoptosis proteins in polycystic ovary syndrome patients and related mechanisms","volume":"28","author":"Wei H.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biomedical Research (India)"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2013.10.014"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cellular 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