{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T23:11:29Z","timestamp":1792451489553,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,17]],"date-time":"2019-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1555459200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,17]],"date-time":"2019-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1555459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004748","name":"Mashhad University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004748","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal Cellular Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Type 1 diabetes, has been recognized as an autoimmune disease. Like other immunological conditions, regulation of immune response is a key strategy to control the autoimmunity in diabetic patients. Mesenchymal stem cells have been shown to have a distinct potential in modulating the immune reactions. However, treatment with stem cells is combined with concerns about safety issues. To overcome these concerns, in this study, we have utilized the regenerative potential of exosomes isolated from menstrual blood\u2010derived mesenchymal stem cells to restore the \u03b2\u2010cell mass and insulin production in type 1 diabetes. Exosomes are nanovesicles containing various cargos involved in cellular communications. Streptozotocin was used to induce islet destruction and diabetes in male Wistar rats. Then, exosomes were intravenously injected into animals at different time points and in a single or repeated therapeutic doses. After about 6 weeks, animals were euthanized and the pancreas was analyzed for the presence of the regenerated \u03b2 islets as well as the insulin secretion. The non\u2010fasting blood glucose and the serum insulin level were also monitored during the study. Our results represented that menstrual blood\u2010derived mesenchymal stem cell\u2010derived exosomes enhance the \u03b2\u2010cell mass and insulin production in the pancreas of diabetic animals that received repeated doses of exosomes. Immunohistochemistry analysis also confirmed the presence of insulin in the islets of treated animals. Further investigations proposed that exosomes induce the islet regeneration through pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 pathway. The exosome tracking also revealed the homing of injected exosomes to the pancreas.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.28631","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,18]],"date-time":"2019-04-18T00:51:00Z","timestamp":1555548660000},"page":"20310-20321","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":84,"title":["Potential of stem cell\u2010derived exosomes to regenerate \u03b2 islets through Pdx\u20101 dependent mechanism in a rat model of type 1 diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"234","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8797-4718","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elahe","family":"Mahdipour","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biotechnology Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad 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