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However, the role of intestinal stem cells (ISCs) remains obscure during the pathology. In the present study, polyinosinic\u2010polycytidylic acid (poly[I:C]), mimicking viral dsRNA, was used to establish intestinal damage model. Mice were acutely and chronically exposed to poly(I:C), and ISCs in jejunum were analyzed. The results showed that the height of villus was shorter 48\u2009hr after acute poly(I:C) exposure compared with that of controls, while chronic poly(I:C) treatment increased both villus height and crypt depth in jejunum compared with control animals. The numbers of ISCs in jejunum were significantly increased after acute and chronic poly(I:C) exposure. Poly (I:C)\u2010stimulated ISCs have stronger capacities to differentiate into intestine endocrine cells. Mechanistically, poly(I:C) treatment increased expression of Stat1 and Axin2 in the intestinal crypt, which was along with increased expression of Myc, Bcl2, and ISC proliferation. These findings suggest that dsRNA exposure could induce ISC proliferation to ameliorate dsRNA\u2010induced intestinal injury.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.29254","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,27]],"date-time":"2019-09-27T00:30:46Z","timestamp":1569544246000},"page":"3646-3656","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Polyinosinic\u2010polycytidylic acid accelerates intestinal stem cell proliferation via modulating Myc expression"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"235","author":[{"given":"Huihong","family":"Zeng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Histology and Embryology Medical School of Nanchang University Nanchang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiahui","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Histology and Embryology Medical School of Nanchang University Nanchang 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