{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T00:50:48Z","timestamp":1793321448165,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,23]],"date-time":"2020-04-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1587600000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004048","name":"Kashan University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["97107"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["97107"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004048","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal Cellular Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    This study aimed to determine the effects of melatonin on irradiation\u2010induced apoptosis and oxidative stress in the brainstem region of Wistar rats. Therefore, the animals underwent whole\u2010brain X\u2010radiation with a single dose of 25\u2009Gy in the presence or absence of melatonin pretreatment at a concentration of 100\u2009mg\/kg BW. The rats were allocated into four groups (10 rats in each group): namely, vehicle control (VC), 100\u2009mg\/kg of melatonin alone (MLT), irradiation\u2010only (RAD), and irradiation plus 100\u2009mg\/kg of melatonin (RAM). An hour before irradiation, the animals received intraperitoneal (IP) melatonin and then were killed after 6\u2009hr, followed by measurement of nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in the brainstem region. Furthermore, the western blot analysis technique was performed to assess the caspase\u20103 expression level. Results showed significantly higher MDA and NO levels in the brainstem tissues for the RAD group when compared with the VC group (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u2009.001). Moreover, the irradiated rats exhibited a significant decrease in the levels of CAT, SOD, GPx, and TAC (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u2009.01,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u2009.001,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u2009.001, and\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u2009.001, respectively) in comparison to the VC group. The results of apoptosis assessment revealed that the expression level of caspase\u20103 significantly rose in the RAD group in comparison with the VC group (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u2009.001). Pretreatment with melatonin ameliorated the radiation\u2010induced adverse effects by decreasing the MDA and NO levels (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u2009.001) and increasing the antioxidant enzyme activities (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u2009.001). Consequently, the caspase\u20103 protein expression level in the RAM group showed a significant reduction in comparison with the RAD group (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u2009.001). In conclusion, melatonin approximately showed a capacity for neuroprotective activity in\u00a0managing\u00a0irradiation\u2010induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in the brainstem of rats; however, the use of melatonin as a neuroprotective agent in\u00a0humans requires further study, particularly clinical trials.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.29722","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,23]],"date-time":"2020-04-23T11:44:15Z","timestamp":1587642255000},"page":"8791-8798","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Neuroprotective effect of melatonin on radiation\u2010induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in the brainstem of rats"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"235","author":[{"given":"Elham","family":"Motallebzadeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Physics and Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences Kashan University of Medical Sciences Kashan Iran"},{"name":"Anatomical Sciences Research Center Kashan University of Medical Sciences Kashan Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abolfazl Azami","family":"Tameh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anatomical Sciences Research Center Kashan University of Medical Sciences Kashan Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9781-7313","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sayyed Alireza Talaei","family":"Zavareh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physiology Research Center Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences Kashan Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2290-7220","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bagher","family":"Farhood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Physics and Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences Kashan University of Medical Sciences Kashan Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akbar","family":"Aliasgharzedeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Physics and Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences Kashan University of Medical Sciences Kashan Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mehran","family":"Mohseni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Physics and Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences Kashan University of Medical Sciences Kashan Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2013.10.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms161126068"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2003.09.067"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/abio.1996.0292"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(78)52032-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2018.10.090"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5849(01)00753-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10143-003-0291-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","unstructured":"Fern\u00e1ndez\u2010Gil M. \u00c1. 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