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The role of intestinal microbiota in the development of IR\u2010induced intestinal injury remains largely unknown. Herein, we reported that abdominal IR altered the composition of the microbiota and reduced the abundance and diversity of the gut microbiome. Alterations of bacteria, in particular reduction of <jats:italic>Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic>, played a critical role in IR\u2010induced intestinal injury. Fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) from normal mice or administration of <jats:italic>Lactobacillus plantarum<\/jats:italic> to intestinal microbiota\u2010eliminated mice substantially reduced IR\u2010induced intestinal damage and prevented mice from IR\u2010induced death. We further characterized that <jats:italic>L. plantarum<\/jats:italic> activated the farnesoid X receptor (FXR) \u2013 fibroblast growth factor 15 (FGF15) signaling in intestinal epithelial cells and hence promoted DNA\u2010damage repair. Application of GW4064, an activator of FXR, to microbiota eliminated mice markedly mitigated IR\u2010induced intestinal damage, reduced intestinal epithelial cell death and promoted the survival of IR mice. In contrast, suppression of FXR with Gly\u2010\u03b2\u2010MCA, a bile acid and an intestine\u2010selective and high\u2010affinity FXR inhibitor, abrogated <jats:italic>L. Plantarum<\/jats:italic>\u2010mediated protection on the ileum of IR mice. Taken together, our findings not only provide new insights into the role of intestinal flora in radiation\u2010induced intestinal injury but also shed new light on the application of probiotics for the protection of radiation\u2010damaged individuals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.30651","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,9]],"date-time":"2021-12-09T07:21:59Z","timestamp":1639034519000},"page":"1845-1856","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["<i>Lactobacillus plantarum<\/i> alleviates irradiation\u2010induced intestinal injury by activation of FXR\u2010FGF15 signaling in intestinal epithelia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"237","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0676-2247","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yong\u2010Ping","family":"Jian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of 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