{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T18:49:32Z","timestamp":1793213372499,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,11]],"date-time":"2022-02-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644537600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31725010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31725010"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31821003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31821003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81772334"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81772334"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal Cellular Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Immune regulation of osteochondral defect regeneration has not yet been rigorously characterized. Although macrophages have been demonstrated to regulate the regeneration process in various tissues, their direct contribution to cartilage regeneration remains to be investigated, particularly the functions of polarized macrophage subpopulations. In this study, we investigated the origins and functions of macrophages during healing of osteochondral injury in the murine model. Upon osteochondral injury, joint macrophages are predominantly derived from circulating monocytes. Macrophages are essential for spontaneous cartilage regeneration in juvenile C57BL\/6 mice, by modulating proliferation and apoptosis around the injury site. Exogeneous macrophages also exhibit therapeutic potential in promoting cartilage regeneration in adult mice with poor regenerative capacity, possibly via regulation of PDGFR\u03b1\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u00a0stem cells, with this process being influenced by initial phenotype and administration timing. Only M2c macrophages are able to promote regeneration of both cartilage tissues and subchondral bone. Overall, we reveal the direct link between macrophages and osteochondral regeneration and highlight the key roles of relevant immunological niches in successful regeneration.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.30694","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,11]],"date-time":"2022-02-11T11:23:46Z","timestamp":1644578626000},"page":"2258-2270","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Macrophages promote cartilage regeneration in a time\u2010 and phenotype\u2010dependent manner"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"237","author":[{"given":"Jiabei","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering Peking University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuewei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering Peking University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaqing","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering Peking University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Boon Chin","family":"Heng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peking University School of Stomatology  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yangzi","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong  Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyu","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine Tsinghua University  Beijing China"},{"name":"Tsinghua\u2010Peking Centre for Life Sciences Beijing China"},{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5202-0973","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zigang","family":"Ge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering Peking University  Beijing China"},{"name":"Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics Beijing Jishuitan Hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2017.11.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-014-2975-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2018.10.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-09402-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1471-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ydbio.2017.04.006"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","first-page":"695","article-title":"A novel in vivo murine model of cartilage regeneration","volume":"17","author":"Eltawil N.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Age and strain\u2010dependent outcome after joint surface injury. 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