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We detected 1919 differentially expressed mRNAs and 744 differentially expressed lncRNAs in BMSCs from seven patients with AIS and five patients without AIS via high\u2010throughput sequencing. Multiple analyses identified bone morphogenetic protein\u20106 (<jats:italic>BMP6<\/jats:italic>) as a hub gene that regulates the abnormal osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs in AIS. <jats:italic>BMP6<\/jats:italic> expression was found to be decreased in AIS and its knockdown in human BMSCs significantly altered the degree of osteogenic differentiation. Additionally, <jats:italic>CAP1\u2010217<\/jats:italic> has been shown to be a potential upstream regulatory molecule of BMP6. We showed that <jats:italic>CAP1\u2010217<\/jats:italic> knockdown downregulated the expression of <jats:italic>BMP6<\/jats:italic> and the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Simultaneously, knockout of <jats:italic>BMP6<\/jats:italic> in zebrafish embryos significantly increased the deformity rate. The findings of this study suggest that <jats:italic>BMP6<\/jats:italic> is a key gene that regulates the abnormal osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs in AIS via the CAP1\u2010217\/BMP6\/RUNX2 axis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.31111","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]],"date-time":"2023-10-05T19:48:30Z","timestamp":1696535310000},"page":"2586-2599","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["BMP6 participates in the pathogenesis of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis by regulating osteopenia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"238","author":[{"given":"Hao","family":"Tang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan People's Republic of China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan People's Republic of China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia\u2010Ke","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Si\u2010Han","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan People's Republic of China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gang","family":"Xiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan People's Republic of China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rong","family":"Rong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan People's Republic of China"},{"name":"Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhuo\u2010Tao","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan People's Republic of China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5750-4910","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hong\u2010Qi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan People's Republic of China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0602558103"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/jbjs.16.01331"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2013.02.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2015.30"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","first-page":"47","article-title":"Persistent osteopenia in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis\u2010\u2010longitudinal monitoring of bone mineral density until skeletal maturity","volume":"123","author":"Cheng J. 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