{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T21:21:31Z","timestamp":1779916891936,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,8]],"date-time":"2024-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704672000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal Cellular Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a key role in various diseases. However, their effect on endometriosis (EMs)\u2010associated infertility is poorly understood. We co\u2010cultured EVs from the female vaginal secretions with human sperm and also generated a mouse model of EMs by allogenic transplant to explore the effect of EVs on fertility. EVs from individuals with EMs\u2010associated infertility (E\u2010EVs) significantly inhibited the total motility (26.46% vs. 47.1%), progressive motility (18.78% vs. 41.06%), linear velocity (21.98 vs. 41.91\u2009\u00b5m\/s) and the acrosome reaction (AR) rate (5% vs. 22.3%) of human sperm in contrast to the control group (PBS). Furthermore, E\u2010EVs dose\u2010dependently decreased the intracellular Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> ([Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>), a pivotal regulator of sperm function. Conversely, healthy women (H\u2010EVs) increased human sperm motion parameters, the AR rate, and sperm [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>. Importantly, the mouse model of EMs confirmed that E\u2010EVs further decreased the conception rate and the mean number of embryo implantations (7.6\u2009\u00b1\u20093.06 vs. 4.5\u2009\u00b1\u20093.21) compared with the control mice by inducing the production of inflammatory cytokines leading to a Th17\/Treg imbalance. H\u2010EVs could restore impaired fertility by restoring the Th17\/Treg balance. We determined the impact of EVs derived from the female genital tract on human sperm function and studied the possible mechanisms by which it affects fertility. Our findings provide a novel rationale to ameliorate EMs\u2010associated infertility.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.31188","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,9]],"date-time":"2024-01-09T01:50:41Z","timestamp":1704765041000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Vaginal extracellular vesicles impair fertility in endometriosis by favoring Th17\/Treg imbalance and inhibiting sperm activity"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"239","author":[{"given":"Zuo","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College Nanchang University Nanchang Jiangxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yangbai","family":"Xiong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Tourism and Convention Management Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huifu","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College Nanchang University Nanchang Jiangxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College Nanchang University Nanchang Jiangxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinyue","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College Nanchang University Nanchang Jiangxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College Nanchang University Nanchang Jiangxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College Nanchang University Nanchang Jiangxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0506-8536","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tingtao","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institution of Translational Medicine, Jiangxi Medical College Nanchang University Nanchang Jiangxi China"},{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Medical College Nanchang University Nanchang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5534\/wjmh.210149"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M112.439356"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/ijmm.2019.4370"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","first-page":"1059","article-title":"[A review of WHO Laboratory Manual for the Examination and Processing of Human Semen (5th edition)]","volume":"17","author":"Cao X. 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