{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T17:24:06Z","timestamp":1785432246613,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal Cellular Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    It has been reported the presence of components from the coagulation thrombin\u2010generating pathway and prostaglandins (PGs) in human ovarian follicular fluid (FF) but with unclear functions. Moreover, thrombin can induce COX\u20102 expression linking to PG synthesis in several cell types. Therefore, this study sought to explore the thromboxane (TX) generation in FF and the correlation between FF TX levels and oocyte maturation. The FF TXB\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    (a stable metabolite of TXA\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) levels exhibited a negative correlation between large preovulatory leading and small mid\u2010antral follicles from in vitro fertilization (IVF) patients, indicating a requirement of TX for a small follicle\/oocyte to grow\/mature. Further receiver operating characteristic curve analysis identified that intrafollicular TXB\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    level could predict oocyte maturity. Thrombin was found expressed in a similar pattern\/trend to TXB\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    in intrafolliclar FF, where it could induce TXB\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    production\/secretion in human ovarian follicular GCs via proteinase\u2010activated receptor\u20102 (PAR\u20102) and PAR\u20103 cooperation\/transactivation and Erk\/p38 MAPK\/JNK signaling to cause COX\u20102\/TXB\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    induction. Accordingly, PAR\u20102 and \u20103 were present in human ovarian follicular GCs and thrombin, PAR\u20102 agonist, and TXA\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    analog caused a substantial enhancement in follicle development, which could be blocked by the PAR\u20102, COX\u20102, and TXA\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    prostanoid (TP) receptor inhibitors in an ex vivo cultured murine ovary model. Collectively, we first demonstrated that FF thrombin regulates PAR\u20102\/\u20103 cooperation and MAPK signaling pathways to induce COX\u20102 expression and TX production in follicular GCs, possibly supporting intrafollicular TX levels and triggering TP\u2010related pathways to enhance follicle development. The FF TX levels also can be a predictor for oocyte maturation during IVF.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.70025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,4]],"date-time":"2025-04-04T00:06:30Z","timestamp":1743725190000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The Thromboxane Levels in Ovarian Follicular Fluid Are Inversely Correlated With Oocyte Maturation: Implications of PAR\u20102\/\u20103 Cooperation and Thromboxane Participation in Follicle Development"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"240","author":[{"given":"Hsuan\u2010Ting","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ph.D. Program in Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Fu Jen Catholic University New Taipei City Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tsung\u2010Hsuan","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Assisted Reproductive Center Cathay General Hospital Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Medicine Fu Jen Catholic University New Taipei City Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun\u2010Jie","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Assisted Reproductive Center Cathay General Hospital Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao\u2010Chi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine Fu Jen Catholic University New Taipei City Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9248-5030","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wen\u2010Bin","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine Fu Jen Catholic University New Taipei City Taiwan"},{"name":"Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science Fu Jen Catholic University New Taipei City Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10815-018-1143-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11538-006-9115-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V94.7.2169.419k22_2169_2178"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0035538"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dex072"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2023.1173079"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41420-022-00997-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10815-016-0719-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35025229"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmv026"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-1229"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2014.11.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/det357"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(99)00635-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2019.02.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-021785"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1721377"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dead189"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-020-1703-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-65-3-402"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2009.10.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI6042"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","volume-title":"Basic & Clinical Pharmacology","author":"Katzung B. 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