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Due to its excellent analgesic, antipyretic, and spasmolytic properties combined with its mostly favorable gastrointestinal tolerability, the drug was extensively applied worldwide during the first decades after its market introduction. Although rare, agranulocytosis is a well\u2010known adverse event of metamizole and led to its withdrawal from the market in a number of countries beginning in the 1960s. Nevertheless, metamizole is still a frequently used drug worldwide either legally (by prescription in some countries, over the counter in other countries) or without official approval (especially by immigrants knowing the drug from their home countries) or even illegally (due to its growing application as an adulterant in illicit drugs). Metamizole undergoes extensive metabolism in the liver and cases of potential metamizole\u2010associated hepatotoxicity have been described. Here, the literature is extensively reviewed for the first time regarding hepatic effects associated with the use of metamizole.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcph.1512","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,21]],"date-time":"2019-08-21T08:35:32Z","timestamp":1566376532000},"page":"1433-1442","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":75,"title":["Metamizole (Dipyrone) and the Liver: A Review of the Literature"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"59","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2572-5687","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mathias","family":"Lutz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine A University Hospital of M\u00fcnster  M\u00fcnster Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","first-page":"81","article-title":"Chronic use of metamizole: not so safe after all?","volume":"75","author":"Vuik FE","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neth J Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0269216316655746"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2018.00213"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcph.1998.38.s1.55"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01534437"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.13257"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","first-page":"40","article-title":"[Metamizol in relieving perioperative pain \u2010 contemporary look at the traditional medicine]","volume":"4","author":"Drobnik L","year":"2010","journal-title":"Anestezjologia i Ratownictwo"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5504\/BBEQ.2012.0089"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1021077810548"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.06-8061com"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0122918"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.4622"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2017.02.122"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1398-9995.1999.00953.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep23845"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1936.92770330003007b"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/EJA.0000000000000275"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-146-9-200705010-00009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","first-page":"w14438","article-title":"Leucopenia associated with metamizole: a case\u2010control study","volume":"147","author":"Blaser L","year":"2017","journal-title":"Swiss Med Wkly"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/asheducation-2017.1.187"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/14740338.6.3.323"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-013-1618-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-014-1781-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1986.03380130077032"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-002-0465-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(89)90349-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpt.12422"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1874473711666180911091846"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","unstructured":"WITHDRAWN:a resource for withdrawn and discontinued drugs. 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