{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,7]],"date-time":"2023-09-07T20:41:58Z","timestamp":1694119318469},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,14]],"date-time":"2020-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1589414400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["accp1.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Clinical Pharma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>After the incidental observation of an almost complete resolution of maculopapular eruption in a patient having simultaneously secondary syphilis and trichomonas vaginalis infection, we extended the treatment with tinidazole (500 mg 4 times daily for 7 days) to 10 other early syphilis patients before the start of the conventional penicillin treatment. All patients showed marked improvement of their lesions in a few days. After the introduction of the conventional penicillin regimen, the lesions further improved and VDRL titers declined at least 4\u2010fold within 6 months in all patients. Tinidazole is a 5\u2010nitroimidazole derivative as well as metronidazole but with a longer plasma half\u2010life. It is activated intracellularly by bacterial\/parasitic enzymes to a redox cytotoxic intermediate that damages large protein molecules and inhibits repair and transcription of DNA affecting also the cell wall. With this action, tinidazole might also have a synergic action with penicillin and doxycycline, facilitating the entry of such drugs. It is possible that tinidazole has the same bactericidal action on spirochetes other than Borrelia, such as <jats:italic>Treponema pallidum<\/jats:italic>, explaining its rapid therapeutic action on the lesions of early syphilis. Whether this action could be confirmed by studies on larger series of patients, tinidazole might be considered in case of allergy to penicillin or other antibiotics usually prescribed in syphilis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcph.1629","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,14]],"date-time":"2020-05-14T22:52:54Z","timestamp":1589496774000},"page":"1185-1188","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Tinidazole: Another Therapeutic Option for Syphilis?"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Francesco","family":"Drago","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Clinic Ospedale Policlinico San Martino  Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"Ciccarese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Clinic Ospedale Policlinico San Martino  Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alfredo","family":"Rebora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DI.S.Sal. Section of Dermatology University of Genoa  Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aurora","family":"Parodi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DI.S.Sal. Section of Dermatology University of Genoa  Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199707313370504"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2710.2005.00631.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","first-page":"97","article-title":"Evaluation of in\u2010vitro antibiotic susceptibility of different morphological forms of Borrelia burgdorferi","volume":"4","author":"Sapi E","year":"2011","journal-title":"Infect Drug Resist."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","first-page":"139","article-title":"An in vitro study of the susceptibility of mobile and cystic forms of Borrelia burgdorferi to tinidazole","volume":"7","author":"Brorson O","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int Microbiol."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/10.suppl_A.43"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02285095"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-198224020-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.23.5.721"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/5.5.499"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","first-page":"95","article-title":"In vitro interactions between metronidazole or tinidazole, doxycycline and co\u2010trimoxazole on the effect against anaerobic bacteria","volume":"91","author":"Bergan T","year":"1984","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.5391.1149"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","first-page":"197","article-title":"Metronidazole in human infections with syphilis","volume":"43","author":"Davies AH","year":"1967","journal-title":"Br J Vener Dis."},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","first-page":"201","article-title":"A note on the effect of metronidazole on the Nichols strain of Treponema pallidum in vitro and in vivo","volume":"43","author":"Wilkinson AE","year":"1967","journal-title":"Br J Vener Dis."}],"container-title":["The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fjcph.1629","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jcph.1629","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/jcph.1629","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/accp1.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jcph.1629","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,5]],"date-time":"2023-09-05T23:19:15Z","timestamp":1693955955000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/accp1.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jcph.1629"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,14]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jcph.1629"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jcph.1629","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0091-2700","1552-4604"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0091-2700","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-4604","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-01-20","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-03-31","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-05-14","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}