{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T03:40:50Z","timestamp":1772768450979,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,22]],"date-time":"2020-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1600732800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["accp1.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Clinical Pharma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) is recommended as part of antiretroviral therapy (ART) for pregnant women with HIV and as monotherapy for pregnant women with hepatitis B virus (HBV) monoinfection at high risk of transmitting infection to their infants. Tenofovir (TFV) plasma exposures are reduced during pregnancy; however, concomitant antiretrovirals and the viral infection itself can also influence TFV pharmacokinetics. Our aim was to compare TFV pharmacokinetics in pregnant women receiving TDF\u2010based ART, with or without a ritonavir\u2010boosted protease inhibitor (r\/PI), to pregnant women with HBV receiving TDF monotherapy. Non\u2010r\/PI regimens were primarily integrase strand transfer inhibitors or nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor\u2013based regimens. Data were combined from a pharmacokinetic study of pregnant women with HIV on ART (PANNA), and a study assessing TFV pharmacokinetics in pregnant women with HBV (iTAP). A total of 196 pregnant women, 59 with HIV (32 receiving r\/PIs) and 137 with HBV monoinfection were included. Intraindividual TFV area under the plasma concentration\u2013time curve from time 0 to 24 hours was 25%, 26%, and 21% lower during the third trimester compared to 1 month postpartum in women with HIV using TDF and an r\/PI or TDF and non\u2010r\/PI and women with HBV receiving TDF monotherapy, respectively. TFV area under the plasma concentration\u2013time curve from time 0 to 24 hours was similar in pregnant women receiving non\u2010r\/PI to pregnant women with HBV receiving TDF monotherapy (1.84 vs 1.86 \u00b5g \u2022 h\/mL); however, pregnant women receiving TDF with an r\/PI had higher exposures (2.41 \u00b5g \u2022 h\/mL; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .01). Pregnancy reduces TFV exposure and the relative size was not impacted by concomitant antiretroviral drugs or viral infection, but a drug\u2010drug interaction between TDF and r\/PI remains during pregnancy, leading to higher exposures than those on TDF and non\u2010r\/PI or TDF monotherapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcph.1746","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,23]],"date-time":"2020-09-23T00:44:22Z","timestamp":1600821862000},"page":"388-393","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Effect of Pregnancy and Concomitant Antiretrovirals on the Pharmacokinetics of Tenofovir in Women With HIV Receiving Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate\u2010Based Antiretroviral Therapy Versus Women With HBV Receiving Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate Monotherapy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7644-1123","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vera E.","family":"Bukkems","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Radboud Institute of Health Sciences (RIHS) Radboud University Medical Center  Nijmegen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elise J.","family":"Smolders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Radboud Institute of Health Sciences (RIHS) Radboud University Medical Center  Nijmegen The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Isala Hospital  Zwolle The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gonzague","family":"Jourdain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development (IRD)  Marseille France"},{"name":"PHPT\/IRD UMI 174, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences Chiang Mai University  Chiang Mai Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David M.","family":"Burger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Radboud Institute of Health Sciences (RIHS) Radboud University Medical Center  Nijmegen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Angela P.","family":"Colbers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Radboud Institute of Health Sciences (RIHS) Radboud University Medical Center  Nijmegen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8106-0974","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tim R.","family":"Cressey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development (IRD)  Marseille France"},{"name":"PHPT\/IRD UMI 174, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences Chiang Mai University  Chiang Mai Thailand"},{"name":"Department of Molecular &amp; Clinical Pharmacology University of Liverpool  Liverpool UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"PANNA Network and iTAP Study Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","unstructured":"WHO. Hepatitis B.https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/hepatitis-b. Published July 2018. Accessed May 1 2019."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","unstructured":"WHO. HIV\/AIDS.https:\/\/www.who.int\/en\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/hiv-aids. Published July 2018. 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