{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,5]],"date-time":"2025-12-05T03:42:15Z","timestamp":1764906135406,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,9]],"date-time":"2023-02-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675900800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["accp1.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Clinical Pharma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study was performed to detect the expression of ceruloplasmin in the peripheral blood of patients with drug\u2010resistant epilepsy and explore the mechanisms of iron metabolism disorder in drug\u2010resistant epilepsy. Peripheral blood was collected from 32 patients with drug\u2010resistant epilepsy, labeled the drug\u2010resistant group; 30 patients who were drug responsive, labeled the drug\u2010responsive group; and 34 healthy people, named the normal group.The expression levels of ceruloplasmin mRNA and ceruloplasmin protein in the peripheral blood of the 3 groups were detected using real\u2010time fluorescence\u2010based quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. The differences in the expression of ceruloplasmin mRNA of different seizure frequencies and types, electroencephalogram abnormal discharges, and different medication methods were analyzed and compared. The relative expression of ceruloplasmin mRNA and ceruloplasmin protein in the drug\u2010resistant epilepsy group was significantly higher than that in the drug\u2010responsive group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>= .002 and .010, respectively) and higher in the drug\u2010responsive group compared with the normal group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>= .014 and .005, respectively). The relative expression of ceruloplasmin mRNA in patients with epilepsy using different medication methods was statistically significant (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>= .001). Patients who received a combination of 2 or 3 drugs exhibited a higher expression than those treated with single\u2010drug treatment, whereas those who received a combination of 3 drugs had a higher expression than those with 2 drugs (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>= .013, .001, and .011, respectively). There was no significant difference in the relative expression of Cp mRNA in patients with epilepsy with different seizure frequencies and types and abnormal electroencephalogram discharges (all<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&gt;\u00a0.05). The increased expression of ceruloplasmin in the peripheral blood of patients with drug\u2010resistant epilepsy was closely related to the different medication methods, but no obvious correlation with epileptic seizure frequencies or types and abnormal electroencephalogram discharges was identified. The increased expression of ceruloplasmin enhanced iron oxidative damage and may be the potential mechanism of drug\u2010resistant epilepsy and may be one of the drug resistance indicators for combination drugs when treating drug\u2010resistant epilepsy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcph.2183","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,26]],"date-time":"2022-11-26T07:12:28Z","timestamp":1669446748000},"page":"466-472","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Expression of Ceruloplasmin in the Peripheral Blood of Patients With Drug\u2010Resistant Epilepsy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"Hai\u2010Yan","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities Baise 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