{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T11:41:28Z","timestamp":1740138088450,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,7]],"date-time":"2017-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1502064000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004326","name":"Bayer AG","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004326","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Clinical Pharma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>A study was performed to investigate the effect of an intravaginally administered antimycotic, an antibiotic, and a spermicide plus the co\u2010usage of tampons on the pharmacokinetics (PK) of levonorgestrel (LNG) and anastrozole (ATZ) administered as an intravaginal ring (IVR) releasing 1050 \u03bcg ATZ per day and 40 \u03bcg LNG per day. In this parallel\u2010group, randomized, open\u2010label study, healthy premenopausal women received an IVR as the main treatment. Comedications were administered on 3 consecutive evenings during treatment with IVR on days 9\u201311 (group A, 400 mg miconazole; group B, 100 mg clindamycin; group C, 75 mg nonoxynol\u20109); tampon co\u2010usage (group D) was performed on days 20\u201323. The primary PK parameter was the average plasma concentration (C<jats:sub>av,ss<\/jats:sub>) of ATZ and LNG at defined intervals, mainly prior to, during, and up to 7 days after the start of comedication. Fifty\u2010two subjects were included, and at least 11 subjects per group completed the treatments. Overall, the medications and comedications were safe and well tolerated. Very similar ATZ and LNG plasma levels were observed across all groups. The calculated ratios of C<jats:sub>av,ss<\/jats:sub> confirmed the absence of PK interactions because all relevant point estimates and 90% confidence intervals were within the range of 0.800\u20131.250, which is typically used in bioequivalence studies. These results demonstrate the absence of PK interactions between ATZ\/LNG released from IVR and the tested antibiotic, antimycotic, spermicide, and tampons. Therefore, no restrictions for the use of the IVR are needed to continue the clinical program intended to treat endometriosis symptoms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcph.984","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,7]],"date-time":"2017-08-07T16:52:40Z","timestamp":1502124760000},"page":"97-106","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Absence of Effect of Intravaginal Miconazole, Clindamycin, Nonoxynol\u20109, and Tampons on the Pharmacokinetics of an Anastrozole\/Levonorgestrel Intravaginal Ring"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"R\u00fcdiger","family":"Nave","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Development Bayer AG  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Klein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Development Bayer AG  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"M\u00fcller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CRS  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xinying","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Development Bayer AG  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joachim","family":"H\u00f6chel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Development Bayer AG  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","first-page":"179","article-title":"Advances in the management of endometriosis: an update for clinicians","volume":"12","author":"Crosignani P","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/det457"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.03.069"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmt027"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1677\/jme.0.0250035"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.physiol.64.081601.142703"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","first-page":"174","article-title":"Aromatase expression in endometriosis","volume":"81","author":"Noble LS","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(99)00424-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/gal041"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","unstructured":"Arimidex\u00ae Summary of product characteristics.http:\/\/www.azpicentral.com\/arimidex\/arimidex.pdf. 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