{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T14:05:57Z","timestamp":1790431557278,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,15]],"date-time":"2015-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1429056000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Dutch Cancer Institution","award":["2006-3703"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2006-3703"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001826","name":"The Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["40-00703-98-10594"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["40-00703-98-10594"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001826","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J cachexia sarcopenia muscle"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cachexia augments cancer\u2010related mortality and has devastating effects on quality of life. Pre\u2010clinical studies indicate that systemic inflammation\u2010induced loss of muscle oxidative phenotype (OXPHEN) stimulates cancer\u2010induced muscle wasting. The aim of the current proof of concept study is to validate the presence of muscle OXPHEN loss in newly diagnosed patients with lung cancer, especially in those with cachexia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Quadriceps muscle biopsies of comprehensively phenotyped pre\u2010cachectic (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200910) and cachectic (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200916) patients with non\u2010small cell lung cancer prior to treatment were compared with healthy age\u2010matched controls (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200922). OXPHEN was determined by assessing muscle fibre type distribution (immunohistochemistry), enzyme activity (spectrophotometry), and protein expression levels of mitochondrial complexes (western blot) as well as transcript levels of (regulatory) oxidative genes (quantitative real\u2010time PCR). Additionally, muscle fibre cross\u2010sectional area (immunohistochemistry) and systemic inflammation (multiplex analysis) were assessed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Muscle fibre cross\u2010sectional area was smaller, and plasma levels of interleukin 6 were significantly higher in cachectic patients compared with non\u2010cachectic patients and healthy controls. No differences in muscle fibre type distribution or oxidative and glycolytic enzyme activities were observed between the groups. Mitochondrial protein expression and gene expression levels of their regulators were also not different.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Muscle OXPHEN is preserved in newly diagnosed non\u2010small cell lung cancer and therefore not a primary trigger of cachexia in these patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,15]],"date-time":"2015-04-15T10:36:47Z","timestamp":1429094207000},"page":"164-173","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Preserved muscle oxidative metabolic phenotype in newly diagnosed non\u2010small cell lung cancer cachexia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Celine M.","family":"Op den Kamp","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism Maastricht University Medical Centre\u2009+  Maastricht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harry R.","family":"Gosker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism Maastricht University Medical Centre\u2009+  Maastricht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suzanne","family":"Lagarde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism Maastricht University Medical Centre\u2009+  Maastricht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel Y.","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism Maastricht University Medical Centre\u2009+  Maastricht The 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