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CENTRAL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, ClinicalTrials.gov, and a selection of cancer journals have been searched up until 15 April 2016. The systematic literature research yielded 4214 publications with 21 of these included in the final evaluation. Regarding minerals, our search identified only one study examining the use of magnesium with no effect on weight loss. As far as vitamins are concerned, vitamin E in combination with omega\u20103 fatty acids displayed an effect on survival in a single study, vitamin D showed improvement of muscle weakness in prostate cancer patients, and vitamin C supplementation led to an improvement of various quality of life aspects in a sample with a variety of cancer diagnoses. For proteins, a combination therapy of \u03b2\u2010hydroxy\u2010\u03b2\u2010methylbutyrate (HMB), arginine, and glutamine showed an increase in lean body mass after 4\u2009weeks in a study of advanced solid tumour patients, whereas the same combination did not show a benefit on lean body mass in a large sample of advanced lung and other cancer patients after 8\u2009weeks. L\u2010carnitine led to an increase of body mass index and an increase in overall survival in advanced pancreatic cancer patients. Adverse effects of food supplementation were rare and showed mild intensity. There is not enough solid evidence for the use of minerals, vitamins, proteins, or other supplements in cancer. No serious adverse effects have been reported with dietary supplementation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12127","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,21]],"date-time":"2016-07-21T02:26:53Z","timestamp":1469068013000},"page":"25-39","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":122,"title":["A systematic review on the role of vitamins, minerals, proteins, and other supplements for the treatment of cachexia in cancer: a European Palliative Care Research Centre cachexia project"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"family":"Mochamat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Palliative Medicine University Hospital of Bonn  Bonn Germany"},{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy University of Diponegoro\/Kariadi Hospital  Central Java Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henning","family":"Cuhls","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Palliative Medicine University Hospital of Bonn  Bonn Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milka","family":"Marinova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology University Hospital of Bonn  Bonn Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stein","family":"Kaasa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"European Palliative Care Research Centre, Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Norwegian University of Science and Technology  Trondheim Norway"},{"name":"Department of Oncology St Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital  Trondheim Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christiane","family":"Stieber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Genetics University Hospital of Bonn  Bonn Germany"},{"name":"Center for Rare Diseases Bonn (ZSEB) University Hospital of Bonn  Bonn Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rupert","family":"Conrad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy University Hospital of Bonn  Bonn Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lukas","family":"Radbruch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Palliative Medicine University Hospital of Bonn  Bonn Germany"},{"name":"Centre for Palliative Care Malteser Hospital Bonn\/Rhein\u2010Sieg  Bonn Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"M\u00fccke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Palliative Medicine University Hospital of Bonn  Bonn Germany"},{"name":"Center for Rare Diseases Bonn (ZSEB) University Hospital of Bonn  Bonn Germany"},{"name":"Department of General Practice and Family Medicine University Hospital of Bonn  Bonn Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","article-title":"Clinical practice guidelines on cancer cachexia in advanced cancer patients [Internet]","author":"Radbruch L","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur Palliat Care Res Collab"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0269216311418709"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19850101)55:1 <295::AID-CNCR2820551315>3.0.CO;2-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10552-010-9718-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1989.01860330069019"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.critrevonc.2014.02.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21142"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","author":"World Cancer Research Fund and American Institute for Cancer Research","journal-title":"Cancer Surviv"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/canjclin.56.6.323"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","unstructured":"Food Supplements | European Food Safety Authority [Internet]. 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