{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T01:28:01Z","timestamp":1784683681384,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,1]],"date-time":"2017-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1485907200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000968","name":"American Heart Association","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["14SFRN20770008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["14SFRN20770008"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000968","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K24 DK62849"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K24 DK62849"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000738","name":"U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1I01CX000414"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1I01CX000414"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000738","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J cachexia sarcopenia muscle"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Recent data suggest that sodium (Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>) is stored in the muscle and skin without commensurate water retention in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. In this study, we hypothesized that excessive Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> accumulation would be associated with abnormalities in peripheral insulin action.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Eleven MHD patients and eight controls underwent hyperinsulinemic\u2013euglycemic\u2013euaminoacidemic clamp studies to measure glucose (GDR) and leucine disposal rates (LDR), as well as lower left leg <jats:sup>23<\/jats:sup>Na magnetic resonance imaging to measure Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> concentration in the muscle and skin tissue.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The median GDR and LDR levels were lower, and the median muscle Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> concentration was higher in MHD patients compared with controls. No significant difference was found regarding skin Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> concentration between group comparisons. Linear regression revealed inverse relationships between muscle Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> concentration and GDR and LDR in MHD patients, whereas no relationship was observed in controls. There was no association between skin Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> content and GDR or LDR in either MHD patients or controls.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>These data suggest that excessive muscle Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> content might be a determinant of IR in MHD patients, although the causality and mechanisms remain to be proven.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12179","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,2]],"date-time":"2017-02-02T04:53:30Z","timestamp":1486011210000},"page":"500-507","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Tissue sodium accumulation and peripheral insulin sensitivity in maintenance hemodialysis patients"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Serpil Muge","family":"Deger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology Vanderbilt University Medical Center  Nashville TN 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